Preiser K
Z Gerontol. 1985 Sep-Oct;18(5):266-73.
Due to social security provisions and collective bargaining agreements, older employees are less frequently confronted with unemployment in comparison with other age groups in the labour force. In September 1984, 422,000 older workers aged 50 years and over were unemployed. To this figure an additional 250,000 older workers must be added, who are no longer registered as unemployed but nevertheless would be interested in finding another job. Only in exceptional cases do the older unemployed find permanent jobs with the help of labour exchange or by their own initiative. A proportion of roughly 80% of the older unemployed aged 50 plus is not re-integrated into the working process before retirement. Older unemployed workers suffer particularly from the financial and perhaps even to a greater extent from the psychological effects of unemployment. In a situation, in which renumerated employment is no longer available, they pass through a rather long period of re-orientation towards a meaningful life.
由于社会保障规定和集体谈判协议，与劳动力中的其他年龄组相比，老年员工较少面临失业问题。1984年9月，有42.2万名50岁及以上的老年工人失业。此外，还必须加上另外25万名老年工人，他们不再登记为失业人员，但仍有兴趣找到另一份工作。只有在特殊情况下，老年失业者才能通过劳动力交流或自行找到长期工作。50岁及以上的老年失业者中，约80%的人在退休前无法重新融入工作流程。老年失业工人尤其受到失业的经济影响，甚至在更大程度上受到心理影响。在无法获得有偿工作的情况下，他们要经历一段相当长的重新适应有意义生活的时期。
