Muangsanguan Anurak, Ruksiriwanich Warintorn, Linsaenkart Pichchapa, Tangjaidee Pipat, Sringarm Korawan, Arjin Chaiwat, Rachtanapun Pornchai, Sommano Sarana Rose, Chaisu Korawit, Satsook Apinya, Castagnini Juan Manuel
Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand.
Cluster of Valorization and Bio-Green Transformation for Translation Research Innovation of Raw Materials and Products, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand.
Biology (Basel). 2025 Jul 20;14(7):889. doi: 10.3390/biology14070889.
Seed germination is recognized for enhancing the accumulation of bioactive compounds. (L.) Britt., commonly known as perilla seed, is rich in fatty acids that may be beneficial for anti-hair loss. This study investigated the hair regeneration potential of perilla seed extracts-non-germinated (NG-PS) and germinated in distilled water (0 ppm selenium; G0-PS), and germinated with 80 ppm selenium (G80-PS)-obtained from supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) and screw compression (SC). SFE extracts exhibited significantly higher levels of polyphenols, tocopherols, and fatty acids compared to SC extracts. Among the germinated groups, G0-PS showed the highest bioactive compound content and antioxidant capacity. Remarkably, treatment with SFE-G0-PS led to a significant increase in the proliferation and migration of hair follicle cells, reaching 147.21 ± 2.11% ( < 0.05), and resulted in complete wound closure. In addition, its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties were reflected by a marked scavenging effect on TBARS (59.62 ± 0.66% of control) and suppressed nitrite amounts (0.44 ± 0.01 µM). Moreover, SFE-G0-PS markedly suppressed gene expression-key regulators in androgenetic alopecia-in both DU-145 and HFDPCs, with approximately 2-fold and 1.5-fold greater inhibition compared to finasteride and minoxidil, respectively. Simultaneously, it upregulated the expression of hair growth-related genes, including , , , , and , by approximately 1.5-fold, demonstrating stronger activation than minoxidil. These findings suggest the potential of SFE-G0-PS as a natural therapeutic agent for promoting hair growth and preventing hair loss.
种子萌发被认为有助于生物活性化合物的积累。紫苏（Perilla frutescens (L.) Britt.），俗称紫苏籽，富含脂肪酸，可能对防脱发有益。本研究调查了紫苏籽提取物——未萌发的（NG - PS）、在蒸馏水中萌发的（0 ppm硒；G0 - PS）以及在80 ppm硒中萌发的（G80 - PS）——从超临界流体萃取（SFE）和螺旋压缩（SC）获得的促进头发生长的潜力。与SC提取物相比，SFE提取物中的多酚、生育酚和脂肪酸含量显著更高。在萌发组中，G0 - PS的生物活性化合物含量和抗氧化能力最高。值得注意的是，用SFE - G0 - PS处理导致毛囊细胞的增殖和迁移显著增加，达到147.21±2.11%（P < 0.05），并实现了伤口完全愈合。此外，其抗氧化和抗炎特性表现为对丙二醛有显著清除作用（为对照组的59.62±0.66%）以及亚硝酸盐量受到抑制（0.44±0.01 μM）。此外，SFE - G0 - PS在DU - 145和人毛囊真皮乳头细胞（HFDPCs）中均显著抑制雄激素性脱发的关键调控基因表达，与非那雄胺和米诺地尔相比，抑制作用分别约强2倍和1.5倍。同时，它上调了包括角蛋白14、角蛋白15、波形蛋白、β - 连环蛋白和毛乳头蛋白在内的头发生长相关基因的表达，上调幅度约为1.5倍，显示出比米诺地尔更强的激活作用。这些发现表明SFE - G0 - PS作为促进头发生长和预防脱发的天然治疗剂具有潜力。
