Kusza Szilvia, Bagi Zoltán, Astuti Putri Kusuma, Wanjala George, Szenci Ottó, Bajcsy Árpád Csaba
Centre for Agricultural Genomics and Biotechnology, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary.
Doctoral School of Animal Science, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary.
Animals (Basel). 2025 Jul 16;15(14):2103. doi: 10.3390/ani15142103.
Vitamin D is essential for calcium homeostasis, bone mineralization, immunity, and disease prevention. In a field study with Holstein-Friesian dairy cows, the impact of prepartum vitamin D treatment on early postpartum placental gene expression, focusing on calcium metabolism, feto-placental growth, and immune response, had been investigated. Eight multiparous cows were treated with 10 mL vitamin D (1 million IU cholecalciferol/mL) intramuscularly on day 273 of pregnancy, while eight others remained untreated and served as controls. Placental tissues were collected post-calving, and gene expression was analyzed using quantitative real-time PCR. Among 23 genes, 5 showed significant downregulation in the treated group: (reduced by 88.1% from 32.80 ± 91.50 to 3.90 ± 8.54), (reduced by 95.7% from 7.89 ± 17.87 to 0.34 ± 0.34), (reduced by 96.5% from 3.75 ± 5.45 to 0.13 ± 0.17), (reduced by 94.1% from 4.21 ± 7.00 to 0.25 ± 0.30), and (reduced by 99.7% from 24.80 ± 61.45 to 0.07 ± 0.08). These results suggest that vitamin D supplementation affects key pathways related to calcium transport, reproductive function, and immune response in the bovine placenta. These molecular changes may help to explain improved calcium homeostasis and reduced postpartum complications, offering insights into how targeted nutritional interventions can enhance reproductive efficiency in high-producing dairy cows.
维生素D对于钙稳态、骨矿化、免疫和疾病预防至关重要。在一项针对荷斯坦-弗里生奶牛的田间研究中，研究了产前维生素D处理对产后早期胎盘基因表达的影响，重点关注钙代谢、胎儿-胎盘生长和免疫反应。8头经产奶牛在妊娠第273天接受10 mL维生素D（100万国际单位胆钙化醇/ mL）肌肉注射，另外8头未接受处理作为对照。产后收集胎盘组织，使用定量实时PCR分析基因表达。在23个基因中，有5个在处理组中显示出显著下调：（从32.80±91.50降至3.90±8.54，降低了88.1%），（从7.89±17.87降至0.34±0.34，降低了95.7%），（从3.75±5.45降至0.13±0.17，降低了96.5%），（从4.21±7.00降至0.25±0.30，降低了94.1%），以及（从24.80±61.45降至0.07±0.08，降低了99.7%）。这些结果表明，补充维生素D会影响牛胎盘与钙转运、生殖功能和免疫反应相关的关键途径。这些分子变化可能有助于解释钙稳态的改善和产后并发症的减少，为有针对性的营养干预如何提高高产奶牛的繁殖效率提供了见解。
