Cotie Parker, Willms Amanda, Liu Sam
School of Exercise Science, Physical and Health Education, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC V8W 2Y2, Canada.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2025 Jul 17;22(7):1133. doi: 10.3390/ijerph22071133.
(1) Background: Physical activity (PA) is a key modifiable risk factor for chronic diseases, yet many adults do not meet PA guidelines. Just-in-time adaptive interventions (JITAIs), a type of mobile health (mHealth) intervention, offer tailored support based on an individual's context to promote PA. Integrating behavior change techniques (BCTs) and theories is critical to the design of effective mHealth interventions. Understanding which BCTs and theories work best can inform future JITAI development. (2) Objective: The objective of this study is to examine how behavior change theories and BCTs are implemented in mHealth PA JITAIs and assess their relationship with PA-related outcomes. (3) Methods: This scoping review followed the PRISMA-ScR guidelines. A total of 29 studies were included. (4) Results: The most commonly used BCTs include prompts/cues ( = 29), goal-setting (behavior) ( = 15), and feedback on behavior ( = 14), while self-determination theory ( = 4) and social cognitive theory ( = 4) are the most commonly used theories. However, there is insufficient evidence as to which theories and BCTs are most effective in eliciting effective PA behavior change. (5) Conclusions: Clearer reporting and integration of BCTs and behavior change theories, along with optimized user interfaces, are needed to improve the intervention quality, replicability, and long-term effectiveness of PA JITAIs.
(1) 背景：身体活动（PA）是慢性病的一个关键可改变风险因素，但许多成年人未达到PA指南的要求。即时适应性干预（JITAIs）是一种移动健康（mHealth）干预措施，它根据个人情况提供量身定制的支持以促进PA。整合行为改变技术（BCTs）和理论对于设计有效的mHealth干预措施至关重要。了解哪些BCTs和理论效果最佳可为未来JITAI的发展提供参考。(2) 目的：本研究的目的是探讨行为改变理论和BCTs在mHealth PA JITAIs中的实施方式，并评估它们与PA相关结果的关系。(3) 方法：本范围综述遵循PRISMA-ScR指南。共纳入29项研究。(4) 结果：最常用的BCTs包括提示/线索（=29）、目标设定（行为）（=15）和行为反馈（=14），而自我决定理论（=4）和社会认知理论（=4）是最常用的理论。然而，关于哪些理论和BCTs在引发有效的PA行为改变方面最有效，证据不足。(5) 结论：需要更清晰地报告和整合BCTs及行为改变理论，同时优化用户界面，以提高PA JITAIs的干预质量、可重复性和长期有效性。
