Hanna Tiffany, Latey Penelope, Ekanayake Kanchana, Ribarovski Laura, McDonald Rebecca, Clarke Jillian
Faculty of Medicine and Health, School of Health Sciences, Discipline of Medical Imaging Science, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.
Faculty of Medicine and Health, School of Health Sciences, Discipline of Physiotherapy, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.
J Foot Ankle Res. 2025 Sep;18(3):e70068. doi: 10.1002/jfa2.70068.
Diabetic foot deformities such as claw toes are debilitating complications. It has been generally accepted that this results from atrophy of the intrinsic foot muscles (IFMs), despite this relationship being underexplored. However, recent diagnostic imaging studies are finding some associations between diabetic intrinsic foot muscles and foot deformity. This new information requires a thorough review of the evidence.
Our aim is to systematically review the current literature to investigate any associations between diabetic foot deformity and intrinsic foot muscle changes and review their significance.
Electronic databases Medline, Embase, Scopus, CINAHL, and Web of Science were searched on 6 May 2020 for all years until 2020. The search was re-run on 26 June 2023 with dates ranging from 2020-2023. Human data studies on adults in English, investigating diabetes, foot deformities and intrinsic foot muscles were included for review. PROSPERO registration was approved on 24 July 2020.
Eleven papers out of 1779 met the inclusion criteria. For the updated search, two papers out of the 226 met inclusion criteria. All were assessed for quality using the STROBE criteria and the Newcastle and Ottawa Scale. Six reported various correlations between intrinsic foot muscles and claw/hammer toe deformity measurements. Three papers reported limited or no associations. Three papers investigated medial column deformity (MCD); two found a significant correlation to intrinsic foot muscle atrophy.
Overall, there is a weak association between diabetic foot deformity and intrinsic foot muscle atrophy and intermuscular adipose tissue infiltration.
诸如爪形趾等糖尿病足畸形是使人衰弱的并发症。尽管这种关系尚未得到充分研究，但人们普遍认为这是由足部内在肌（IFM）萎缩所致。然而，最近的诊断性影像学研究发现糖尿病足部内在肌与足部畸形之间存在一些关联。这些新信息需要对证据进行全面回顾。
我们的目的是系统地回顾当前文献，以研究糖尿病足畸形与足部内在肌变化之间的任何关联，并评估其意义。
2020年5月6日对电子数据库Medline、Embase、Scopus、CINAHL和Web of Science进行检索，涵盖截至2020年的所有年份。2023年6月26日再次进行检索，日期范围为2020 - 2023年。纳入英文的关于成年人的人类数据研究，这些研究调查糖尿病、足部畸形和足部内在肌以供综述。2020年7月24日获得PROSPERO注册批准。
1779篇论文中有11篇符合纳入标准。在更新的检索中，226篇论文中有2篇符合纳入标准。所有论文均使用STROBE标准以及纽卡斯尔和渥太华量表进行质量评估。6篇报告了足部内在肌与爪形趾/槌状趾畸形测量之间的各种相关性。3篇论文报告关联有限或无关联。3篇论文研究了内侧柱畸形（MCD）；2篇发现与足部内在肌萎缩存在显著相关性。
总体而言，糖尿病足畸形与足部内在肌萎缩和肌间脂肪组织浸润之间存在弱关联。
