Yu Zhang, Raza Sayed Haidar Abbas, Ma Boyan, Gao Zhanhong, Wang Zhiyou, Al-Sarraj Faisal, Mattar Ehab, Nass Nada M, Alhomodi Ahmad F, AlGabbani Qwait, AlQadeeb Hajar, Aloufi Bandar Hamad, Hou Shengzhen, Gui Linsheng
College of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry, Qinghai University, Xining, Qinghai Province 810016 People's Republic of China.
Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642 China.
3 Biotech. 2025 Aug;15(8):268. doi: 10.1007/s13205-025-04430-2. Epub 2025 Jul 24.
This study aimed to observe the effects of varying dietary proportions of palm kernel meal (PKM) on fermentation parameters and the rumen microbiota in Tibetan sheep. At farrowing, lambs were identified as having low birth weights (LBWs, < 4.0 ± 0.35 kg) or normal birth weights (NBWs, > 5.50 ± 0.50 kg). NBW lambs were selected for further experiments. On day 60, lambs were weaned onto a common diet. A total of 120 NBW Tibetan male lambs (18.39 ± 1.25 kg) were randomly assigned to four groups. The control group (PKM control, PC) was fed a basal diet, while the three experimental groups were fed diets supplemented with 15% (low-PKM, LP), 18% (moderate-PKM, MP), and 21% (high-PKM, HP) PKM for 120 d, respectively. On days 1 and 120, body weight was recorded per pen to calculate average daily gain (ADG). At the end of the experiment, twenty Tibetan sheep ( = 5 per treatment) were selected randomly for slaughter at a commercial slaughterhouse. The rumen fluid was collected for fermentation parameter and microbiome analysis. The results indicated that both the final weight and ADG of the lambs were significantly lower in the HP group than in the PC, LP, and MP groups ( < 0.05). Furthermore, the NH-N content and pH of the rumen fluid samples were significantly lower in the HP group than in relative to the PC group ( < 0.05). In addition, the relative abundances of Actinobacteria and Patescibacteria were greater in the MP group than in the PC group ( < 0.05). The abundances of , , and ( < 0.05) were greatest in the PC group, whereas the abundances of and p were significantly lower ( < 0.05). In summary, the dietary 18% PKM never negatively affected growth, rumen pH and NH-N content of the rumen in Tibetan sheep, potentially related to alterations in the ruminal fibrinolysis-associated microbiota. Our findings provide practical evidence for the supplementation of PKM in Tibetan sheep feeds.
本研究旨在观察不同日粮比例的棕榈仁粕（PKM）对藏羊发酵参数和瘤胃微生物群的影响。在产仔时，羔羊被鉴定为出生体重低（LBWs，<4.0±0.35千克）或正常出生体重（NBWs，>5.50±0.50千克）。选择NBW羔羊进行进一步实验。在第60天，羔羊断奶并开始采食普通日粮。总共120只NBW藏羊雄性羔羊（18.39±1.25千克）被随机分为四组。对照组（PKM对照组，PC）饲喂基础日粮，而三个实验组分别饲喂添加15%（低PKM，LP）、18%（中PKM，MP）和21%（高PKM，HP）PKM的日粮，持续120天。在第1天和第120天，记录每栏的体重以计算平均日增重（ADG）。在实验结束时，随机选择20只藏羊（每个处理5只）在商业屠宰场进行屠宰。收集瘤胃液用于发酵参数和微生物组分析。结果表明，HP组羔羊的终体重和ADG均显著低于PC、LP和MP组（P<0.05）。此外，HP组瘤胃液样本中的NH₃-N含量和pH值显著低于PC组（P<0.05）。此外，MP组中放线菌和Patescibacteria的相对丰度高于PC组（P<0.05）。PC组中[具体菌名1]（P<0.05）、[具体菌名2]（P<0.05）和[具体菌名3]（P<0.05）的丰度最高，而[具体菌名4]和[具体菌名5]的丰度显著较低（P<0.05）。综上所述，日粮中18%的PKM对藏羊的生长、瘤胃pH值和瘤胃NH₃-N含量没有负面影响，这可能与瘤胃中与纤维蛋白溶解相关的微生物群的变化有关。我们的研究结果为在藏羊饲料中添加PKM提供了实际依据。
