Chen Yuhan, Tang Dong
Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University Yangzhou 225000 People's Republic of China
Department of General Surgery, Institute of General Surgery, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital Affiliated to Yangzhou University, The Yangzhou Clinical Medical College of Xuzhou Medical University, The Yangzhou School of Clinical Medicine of Dalian Medical University, The Yangzhou School of Clinical Medicine of Nanjing Medical University, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital, Clinical Teaching Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University Yangzhou 225000 China
RSC Adv. 2025 Jul 25;15(33):26583-26600. doi: 10.1039/d5ra03996g.
Nanomaterials, due to their unique size, excellent targeting ability, and good biocompatibility, have gradually gained attention in oncologic medical treatments. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) and photothermal therapy (PTT), known for their low side effects and minimal trauma, are widely used in immunotherapy for malignant tumors. However, limitations such as low light penetration depth, poor targeting, and localized thermal effects restrict the application scope of photothermal dynamic therapy. Clinical studies have found that nano-mediated targeted drug carriers exhibit low toxicity and good biocompatibility. Furthermore, the superior photothermal conversion performance of nanomaterials can significantly enhance the efficacy of photothermal dynamic therapy in colorectal cancer treatment. Nanomaterials, which have been involved in various cancer treatment processes, represent an emerging medical biomaterial. This review systematically explores the types of nanomaterials currently commonly applied in medicine, with a particular focus on their breakthroughs and cutting-edge research in photodynamic therapy (PDT) and photothermal therapy (PTT) for colorectal cancer. It also discusses the future prospects and improvement strategies of nanomaterials in precision medicine.
纳米材料因其独特的尺寸、出色的靶向能力和良好的生物相容性，在肿瘤医学治疗中逐渐受到关注。光动力疗法（PDT）和光热疗法（PTT）以其低副作用和微创性而闻名，广泛应用于恶性肿瘤的免疫治疗。然而，诸如光穿透深度低、靶向性差和局部热效应等局限性限制了光热动力疗法的应用范围。临床研究发现，纳米介导的靶向药物载体具有低毒性和良好的生物相容性。此外，纳米材料优异的光热转换性能可显著提高光热动力疗法在结直肠癌治疗中的疗效。参与各种癌症治疗过程的纳米材料是一种新兴的医用生物材料。本综述系统地探讨了目前医学上常用的纳米材料类型，特别关注它们在结直肠癌光动力疗法（PDT）和光热疗法（PTT）方面的突破和前沿研究。还讨论了纳米材料在精准医学中的未来前景和改进策略。
