Błaszczyk Malwina, Dziedzic Martyna, Stachera Bartłomiej, Bonczar Michał, Ostrowski Patryk, Wojciechowski Wadim, Żytkowski Andrzej, Mituś Jerzy, Walocha Jerzy A, Koziej Mateusz
Department of Anatomy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland.
Youthoria, Youth Research Organization, Krakow, Poland.
Folia Morphol (Warsz). 2025 Jul 29. doi: 10.5603/fm.106635.
The superior cerebellar artery (SCA) represents the most rostral branch of the vertebrobasilar circulation. A thorough understanding of the anatomy of the SCA and its surrounding structures is essential for the safe and effective performance of surgical procedures addressing compression syndromes, aneurysms, and ischemic infarctions. The aim of the study was to evaluate the anatomical variability of the SCA in the material from Central European individuals in order to refine and supplement the existing literature.
Computed tomography angiography results from 96 patients (188 hemifaces) were analyzed. Each artery was assessed in terms of morphometric parameters and existing anatomical classifications.
In 15 cases, a duplicated SCA was observed. The most frequent origin of the SCA was from the basilar artery, observed in 92.12% of cases. Significantly fewer SCAs originated from the posterior cerebral artery (PCA) (4.93%) or from a short common trunk (2.96%). Origin from the basilar artery was more common on the right side (96.97%) than the left (87.50%) (p = 0.01). The median diameter at the origin was 2.36 mm (range: 1.01-3.41 mm), with a median cross-sectional area of 3.35 mm². The median length of the SCA was 23.39 mm, extending up to 44.08 mm.
The current study provides a comprehensive anatomical and morphometric analysis of the SCA, highlighting its origin, morphological variations, and clinical significance. The findings confirm that while the SCA most commonly arises from the basilar artery, notable side- and sex-dependent variations exist, particularly in terms of origin types ana morphological parameters. Significant differences in vessel dimensions and cross-sectional areas were observed between sexes, with some age-related correlations identified in males. These anatomical nuances may have direct clinical implications, particularly in neurovascular compression syndromes and the management of aneurysms. Understanding the diverse configurations of the SCA is essential for accurate diagnosis and safe surgical intervention.
小脑上动脉（SCA）是椎基底动脉循环最靠头端的分支。全面了解SCA及其周围结构的解剖对于安全有效地实施针对压迫综合征、动脉瘤和缺血性梗死的外科手术至关重要。本研究的目的是评估中欧人群材料中小脑上动脉的解剖变异，以完善和补充现有文献。
分析了96例患者（188个半侧面部）的计算机断层血管造影结果。根据形态学参数和现有的解剖分类对每条动脉进行评估。
在15例中观察到SCA重复。SCA最常见的起源是基底动脉，92.12%的病例中观察到这种情况。起源于大脑后动脉（PCA）（4.93%）或短共同干（2.96%）的SCA明显较少。起源于基底动脉在右侧（96.97%）比左侧（87.50%）更常见（p = 0.01）。起源处的中位直径为2.36 mm（范围：1.01 - 3.41 mm），中位横截面积为3.35 mm²。SCA的中位长度为23.39 mm，最长可达44.08 mm。
本研究提供了SCA全面的解剖和形态学分析，突出了其起源、形态变异和临床意义。研究结果证实，虽然SCA最常起源于基底动脉，但存在显著的性别和侧别差异，特别是在起源类型和形态学参数方面。在性别之间观察到血管尺寸和横截面积的显著差异，在男性中发现了一些与年龄相关的相关性。这些解剖细微差异可能具有直接的临床意义，特别是在神经血管压迫综合征和动脉瘤的治疗中。了解SCA的各种构型对于准确诊断和安全的手术干预至关重要。
