In vitro haploid plantlet regeneration through anther culture in some local types of Syrian cauliflower (Brassica Oleracea var. botrytis L.).

Anthers from six cauliflower types (five Syrian local types, Gtyp1, Gtyp2, Gtyp3, Gtyp4, Gtyp5 and the control Casper F1), were cultured in vitro to observe their androgenic responses. Anthers were cultured on MS medium supplemented with diverse levels of 2,4-D and BAP. Among the local types Gtyp1 was significantly superior in the callus induction frequency (54.44%). While the maximum rate of callus induction (56.8%) was detected in MS medium (0.3 mg/L 2,4-D and 1 mg/L BAP). Then callus was cultured on MS medium supplemented with different levels of NAA, BA, BAP and 2iP to Shoot regeneration. The maximum rate of shoot initiation was noticed in Casper F1(39.31%). Also, shoot initiation was the best in MS medium (0.5 mg/L NAA and 2 mg/L 2iP). As well, the minimum number of days of initiated shoot regeneration was detected in Casper F1 (31.35 days). Ploidy analysis of root tips revealed that 11.43% of the regenerated plantlets were haploids, 55.71% were diploids, and 32.9% were polyploids.