Haile Endale, Nega Amanuel Tebabal, Yenealem Fentahun, Limenih Simachew Kassa, Chekole Fentahun Alemnew, Balcha Wendu Feysa, Goshu Tadele Emageneh
Kidus Pethros Hospital, Addis Ababa Health Bureau, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Department of Midwifery, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia.
BMC Infect Dis. 2025 Jul 29;25(1):956. doi: 10.1186/s12879-025-11388-2.
Sexually transmitted infections (STIs), primarily spread through sexual contact, remain a major public health concern. The high prevalence of STIs among pregnant women in Africa contributes to significant maternal and perinatal morbidity. Despite documented adverse pregnancy outcomes, research on STI prevalence and associated factors among pregnant women in Ethiopia, particularly in public hospitals of Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, remains limited. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the prevalence and contributing factors of STIs among pregnant women attending antenatal care at public hospitals in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
A cross-sectional study was conducted among 302 pregnant women attending antenatal care at selected public hospitals in Addis Ababa from August 1 to September 1, 2022. Participants were selected through systematic random sampling, and data were collected through face-to-face interviews, supplemented with chart reviews. Data entry and processing were performed using Epi Info version 7.2.2.2, and analysis was conducted with SPSS version 25. A range of demographic, behavioral, and obstetric factors were assessed for their association with STI outcomes. Crude odds ratios (COR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were initially calculated to evaluate these associations. Variables with a P-value of < 0.2 in the bivariate logistic regression were then included in the multivariable logistic regression model, and adjusted odds ratios (AOR) with 95% CIs were computed. Statistical significance was considered at P < 0.05.
The prevalence of STIs in this study was 27.5% (95% CI: 22.5%-33.1%). Significant associations were observed with a history of abortion (AOR = 3.59, 95% CI: 1.72-5.45), history of stillbirth (AOR = 2.41, 95% CI: 1.61-4.06), multiple sexual partners (AOR = 3.97, 95% CI: 1.99-5.95), and alcohol consumption (AOR = 2.09, 95% CI: 1.89-3.28).
The higher STI prevalence observed in this study, compared to previous Ethiopian findings, underscores the need for targeted public health interventions. Significant associations with abortion, stillbirth, multiple sexual partnerships, and alcohol consumption highlight the importance of integrated strategies, including routine antenatal STI screening, behavioral risk counseling, and community education addressing alcohol use and multiple sexual partnerships.
性传播感染（STIs）主要通过性接触传播，仍然是一个重大的公共卫生问题。非洲孕妇中性传播感染的高流行率导致了严重的孕产妇和围产期发病率。尽管有记录表明存在不良妊娠结局，但关于埃塞俄比亚孕妇，特别是埃塞俄比亚亚的斯亚贝巴公立医院中，性传播感染的流行率及其相关因素的研究仍然有限。因此，本研究旨在确定在埃塞俄比亚亚的斯亚贝巴公立医院接受产前护理的孕妇中性传播感染的流行率及其影响因素。
2022年8月1日至9月1日，在亚的斯亚贝巴选定的公立医院对302名接受产前护理的孕妇进行了一项横断面研究。通过系统随机抽样选择参与者，并通过面对面访谈收集数据，并辅以病历审查。使用Epi Info 7.2.2.2版本进行数据录入和处理，并用SPSS 25版本进行分析。评估了一系列人口统计学、行为学和产科因素与性传播感染结局的关联。最初计算了带有95%置信区间（CI）的粗比值比（COR）以评估这些关联。然后将二元逻辑回归中P值<0.2的变量纳入多变量逻辑回归模型，并计算带有95%CI的调整比值比（AOR）。P<0.05时认为具有统计学意义。
本研究中性传播感染的流行率为27.5%（95%CI：22.5%-33.1%）。观察到与流产史（AOR=3.59，95%CI：1.72-5.45）、死产史（AOR=2.41，95%CI：1.61-4.06）、多个性伴侣（AOR=3.97，95%CI：1.99-5.95）和饮酒（AOR=2.09，95%CI：1.89-3.28）存在显著关联。
与埃塞俄比亚先前的研究结果相比，本研究中观察到的较高的性传播感染流行率强调了有针对性的公共卫生干预措施的必要性。与流产、死产、多个性伴侣关系和饮酒的显著关联凸显了综合策略的重要性，包括常规产前性传播感染筛查、行为风险咨询以及针对饮酒和多个性伴侣关系的社区教育。
