Zhu Haochen, Chiang Chao-Ching, Craciun Valentin, Deane Griffin M, Ren Fan, Esquivel-Upshaw Josephine F
Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA.
National Institute for Lasers, Plasma and Radiation Physics, 077125 Magurele-Ilfov, Romania.
Materials (Basel). 2025 Jul 14;18(14):3311. doi: 10.3390/ma18143311.
The stability of yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) as a dental implant material is highly dependent on its resistance to low-temperature degradation (LTD) and surface dissolution, particularly in acidic oral environments. This study investigates the effects of yttrium ion (Y) release on the phase stability of zirconia during constant immersion and pH cycling tests, simulating oral conditions. Zirconia disks were immersed in acidic (pH 2), neutral (pH 7), and basic (pH 10) solutions over a 27-day period. Inductively coupled plasma (ICP) analysis revealed significant yttrium ion release during acidic phases, while zirconium ion (Zr) release remained minimal. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) showed a shift in zirconium 3d binding energies, indicating a transformation from the tetragonal to the monoclinic phase, driven by yttrium leaching. X-ray diffraction (XRD) confirmed this phase change, with the appearance of the monoclinic (111) peak after exposure to acidic conditions. This study concludes that yttrium ion depletion under acidic conditions destabilizes the tetragonal phase, promoting LTD and compromising the material's long-term performance as a dental implant or restorative material.
氧化钇稳定氧化锆（YSZ）作为牙科植入材料的稳定性高度依赖于其对低温降解（LTD）和表面溶解的抗性，特别是在酸性口腔环境中。本研究通过模拟口腔条件，在恒浸和pH循环试验中研究了钇离子（Y）释放对氧化锆相稳定性的影响。将氧化锆圆盘在27天的时间内浸泡在酸性（pH 2）、中性（pH 7）和碱性（pH 10）溶液中。电感耦合等离子体（ICP）分析表明，在酸性阶段有大量钇离子释放，而锆离子（Zr）释放量保持在最低水平。X射线光电子能谱（XPS）显示锆3d结合能发生了偏移，表明由于钇的浸出，发生了从四方相到单斜相的转变。X射线衍射（XRD）证实了这种相变，在暴露于酸性条件后出现了单斜（111）峰。本研究得出结论，酸性条件下钇离子的耗尽会使四方相不稳定，促进低温降解，并损害该材料作为牙科植入物或修复材料的长期性能。
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