Khabadze Zurab, Mordanov Oleg, Mehta Vini, Aggarwal Shalini
Department of Therapeutic Dentistry, RUDN University, Moscow, Russia.
Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Dr. D. Y. Patil Dental College and Hospital, Dr. D. Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Pune, Maharashtra, India.
J Conserv Dent Endod. 2025 Jul;28(7):647-653. doi: 10.4103/JCDE.JCDE_266_25. Epub 2025 Jul 2.
Zirconia ceramics are widely utilized in restorative dentistry due to their strength and aesthetics. They are characterized by having predominantly tetragonal or cubic phases based on yttria content.
The aim of the study was to assess the influence of artificial hydrothermal aging on the phase content of zirconia materials with major cubic or tetragonal phases, and to determine how surface treatments (glazing vs. polishing) affect this response.
Commercial 3 mol.% yttria-stabilized tetragonal zirconia polycrystal, 4Y/5Y-PSZ, and hybrid multilayer variants were used to prepare standardized zirconia discs (1 mm thickness, 10 mm diameter). The discs were treated with either glazing or polishing. Artificial aging was conducted at 134°C and 2 atm in an autoclave for 12 h. Phase composition was evaluated before and after aging through X-ray diffraction (XRD). Intensity changes in the peak and full width at half maximum (FWHM) were analyzed.
XRD analysis showed that all zirconia materials maintained their major phase composition upon aging. No notable phase transformations to the monoclinic phase were seen in tetragonal or cubic-rich materials. Polished and glazed specimens both maintained initial phase composition. Minor peak broadening in polished specimens suggested surface-level microstructural changes such as decreased crystallite size and internal stress. Statistical processing established the phase composition stability ( > 0.05) and weak, nonsignificant correlation between peak intensity and FWHM ( = -0.253, = 0.481).
Cubic and tetragonal phase-dominant zirconia ceramics show excellent phase stability under simulated aging, which endorses their clinical reliability. Polishing is more effective than glazing in improving resistance to microstructural degradation.
氧化锆陶瓷因其强度和美观性而在口腔修复领域得到广泛应用。它们的特征是根据氧化钇含量主要呈现四方相或立方相。
本研究的目的是评估人工水热老化对主要为立方相或四方相的氧化锆材料相含量的影响，并确定表面处理（上釉与抛光）如何影响这种反应。
使用商业3 mol.% 氧化钇稳定四方氧化锆多晶体、4Y/5Y-PSZ和混合多层变体来制备标准化氧化锆圆盘（厚度1 mm，直径10 mm）。圆盘分别进行上釉或抛光处理。在高压釜中于134°C和2个大气压下进行12小时的人工老化。通过X射线衍射（XRD）评估老化前后的相组成。分析峰强度变化和半高宽（FWHM）。
XRD分析表明，所有氧化锆材料在老化后均保持其主要相组成。在富含四方相或立方相的材料中未观察到向单斜相的明显相变。抛光和上釉的试样均保持初始相组成。抛光试样中的微小峰展宽表明表面水平的微观结构变化，如晶粒尺寸减小和内应力降低。统计处理确定了相组成的稳定性（P>0.05）以及峰强度与FWHM之间的弱且无显著相关性（r = -0.253，P = 0.481）。
立方相和四方相为主的氧化锆陶瓷在模拟老化条件下表现出优异的相稳定性，这证明了它们的临床可靠性。在提高抗微观结构降解能力方面，抛光比上釉更有效。
