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迈向改进的眼动生物特征识别:利用神经网络研究新特征

Towards Improved Eye Movement Biometrics: Investigating New Features with Neural Networks.

作者信息

Harezlak Katarzyna, Pluciennik Ewa

机构信息

Department of Applied Informatics, Silesian University of Technology, Akademicka 16, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland.

出版信息

Sensors (Basel). 2025 Jul 10;25(14):4304. doi: 10.3390/s25144304.

Abstract

Providing protected access to many everyday-used resources is becoming increasingly necessary. Research on applying eye movement for this purpose has been conducted for many years. However, due to technological advancements and the lack of stable solutions, subsequent explorations remain valid. The presented work is one of such studies. Two methods of biometric identification based on eye movements that utilize neural networks have been developed. In the first case, a feature vector was constructed from a 100-element time series depicting eye movement dynamics, which included velocity, acceleration, jerk, their point-to-point percentage changes, and frequency-domain representations. The same eye movement dynamic features were used in the second method, but this time, statistical values were calculated based on the previously defined time series. Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) and dense networks were used in the user identification task in the first and second approaches, respectively. In the exploration, the publicly available GazeBase dataset was used, from which data collected for the 'jumping point' stimulus were chosen. The obtained results are very promising, with an accuracy of 96% for the LSTM model and the time series feature vector set and 76% for the second method. They were achieved over a three-year time span of eye movement recordings; however, different time periods were investigated, as well as various numbers of stimulus positions.

摘要

为许多日常使用的资源提供受保护的访问变得越来越必要。针对此目的应用眼动的研究已经进行了多年。然而,由于技术进步以及缺乏稳定的解决方案,后续的探索仍然是有价值的。本文所展示的工作就是此类研究之一。已经开发了两种基于眼动利用神经网络的生物识别方法。在第一种情况下,从描述眼动动态的100元素时间序列构建特征向量,该时间序列包括速度、加速度、加加速度、它们的逐点百分比变化以及频域表示。第二种方法使用了相同的眼动动态特征,但这次是基于先前定义的时间序列计算统计值。在第一种和第二种方法中,分别在用户识别任务中使用了长短期记忆(LSTM)网络和密集网络。在探索过程中,使用了公开可用的GazeBase数据集,从中选择了针对“跳跃点”刺激收集的数据。获得的结果非常有前景,对于LSTM模型和时间序列特征向量集,准确率为96%,第二种方法的准确率为76%。这些结果是在三年的眼动记录时间跨度内取得的;然而,研究了不同的时间段以及各种刺激位置。

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