Cooper A M
Am J Psychiatry. 1985 Dec;142(12):1395-402. doi: 10.1176/ajp.142.12.1395.
Neurobiologic research has begun to elucidate brain mechanisms of affective states and behavioral patterns. Discussions of anxiety and sexual identity demonstrate how these researches lead the psychoanalyst to broader views of behaviors that were previously considered entirely psychological in origin. While introspection and extrospection are distinct realms of investigation and conceptualization, they share common boundaries and areas of interpenetration. Psychoanalytic theory is challenged to accord with newer findings in biology and to provide important questions for further research. Neurobiologic advances will continue a centuries-old process of confining the realm of psyche, but there is no danger that mind will disappear.
神经生物学研究已开始阐明情感状态和行为模式的脑机制。对焦虑和性身份的讨论表明了这些研究如何引导精神分析学家对那些以前被认为完全源于心理因素的行为有更广泛的看法。虽然内省和外显是不同的研究和概念化领域，但它们有共同的边界和相互渗透的领域。精神分析理论面临着与生物学新发现相契合的挑战，并为进一步研究提供重要问题。神经生物学的进展将延续一个长达数百年的限制心理领域的过程，但心智不会消失，这一点并无危险。
