Liang Xiaoyan, Fu Rao, Li Jiajia, Gu Yinyu, Yi Kuihua, Li Meng, Chen Chuanjie, Zhang Haiyang, Li Junlin, Ma Lan, Song Yanjing, Wang Xiangyu, Zhang Jialei, Wan Shubo, Zhang Hongxia
Shandong Institute of Sericulture, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Yantai 265503, China.
National Center of Technology Innovation for Comprehensive Utilization of Saline-Alkali Land, Dongying 257345, China.
Plants (Basel). 2025 Jul 8;14(14):2102. doi: 10.3390/plants14142102.
Peanut productivity is severely restricted by soil salinization and associated nutrient deficiency in saline soil. The quinoa-peanut relay intercrop pattern (IP) is a promising planting system that utilizes the biological advantages of quinoa to improve soil ecological functions and productivity. However, the effects of IP on soil physicochemical and biological properties and the yield formation of the combined peanut crop are still unclear. Two-year field experiments in coastal saline soil were conducted to explore the effects of IP on peanut growth and pod yield, soil physicochemical properties, and microbial community characterization at different growth stages of peanut based on the traditional monocrop pattern (MP). The results show that IP promoted peanut pod yield, although there was the disadvantage of plant growth at an early stage. Soil water content, electrical conductivity (EC), and Na content in the peanut rhizosphere were lower, whereas K, NH, and total organic carbon (TOC) contents were higher in IP systems at both the vegetative and reproductive stages. The pod yield of peanut was significantly negatively correlated with soil EC and Na contents at the vegetative stage, but positively correlated with K, NO, NH, PO, and TOC contents at the reproductive stage. IP rebuilt the composition of the soil bacterial community in the peanut rhizosphere and increased the abundance of the beneficial bacterial community, which were positively correlated with soil TOC, K, NH, NO, and PO contents. These findings suggest that IP can increase peanut pod yield through optimizing soil physicochemical properties and microbial community composition, and it is a promising planting system for improving agricultural production in coastal saline lands.
土壤盐渍化以及盐渍土中相关养分缺乏严重限制了花生的产量。藜麦-花生套种模式（IP）是一种很有前景的种植系统，它利用藜麦的生物学优势来改善土壤生态功能和生产力。然而，IP对土壤理化性质和生物学性质以及套种花生作物产量形成的影响仍不明确。基于传统单作模式（MP），在沿海盐渍土上进行了为期两年的田间试验，以探究IP对花生不同生长阶段生长、荚果产量、土壤理化性质和微生物群落特征的影响。结果表明，尽管IP在花生生长早期存在植株生长劣势，但能提高花生荚果产量。在营养生长和生殖生长阶段，IP系统中花生根际的土壤含水量、电导率（EC）和钠含量较低，而钾、铵和总有机碳（TOC）含量较高。花生荚果产量在营养生长阶段与土壤EC和钠含量呈显著负相关，但在生殖生长阶段与钾、硝酸根、铵根、磷酸根和TOC含量呈正相关。IP重塑了花生根际土壤细菌群落的组成，增加了有益细菌群落的丰度，这些有益细菌群落与土壤TOC、钾、铵、硝酸根和磷酸根含量呈正相关。这些研究结果表明，IP可以通过优化土壤理化性质和微生物群落组成来提高花生荚果产量，是一种改善沿海盐渍地农业生产的很有前景的种植系统。
