Kandarkar S V, Sirsat S M
J Oral Pathol. 1977 Jul;6(4):191-202. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0714.1977.tb01641.x.
Epidemiologically a high incidence of oral cancer and addiction to tobacco, singly or in combination with other ingredients of the betel quid, are closely correlated. Attempts at the induction of malignancy in laboratory animals on exposure to these ingredients have hitherto failed. Studies are reported on cheek pouch epithelium of 152 Syrian golden hamsters exposed to commercial shell lime (calcium hydroxide) and tobacco, singly and in combination, with parallel conditioning by Vitamin A palmitate. The abnormal changes found especially in lime and lime-plus-tobacco treated epithelia are massive hyperplasia, keratinization anomalies, marked edema and dysplasia. The most significant findings are (1) greater epithelial alteration caused by lime, lime plus vitamin A, tobacco plus vitamin A, lime plus tobacco and lime plus tobacco and vitamin A, than by tobacco alone; (2) increasing epithelial dysplasia in response to longer periods of exposure to the test substances; and (3) enhancement of tissue changes in the presence of vitamin A.
从流行病学角度来看，口腔癌的高发病率与烟草成瘾（单独或与槟榔其他成分联合使用）密切相关。迄今为止，在实验室动物中尝试通过暴露于这些成分来诱发恶性肿瘤的实验均告失败。本文报道了对152只叙利亚金黄地鼠颊囊上皮进行的研究，这些地鼠分别单独或联合暴露于商业贝壳灰（氢氧化钙）和烟草，并同时使用棕榈酸视黄酯进行平行预处理。尤其在经石灰、石灰加烟草处理的上皮中发现的异常变化包括大量增生、角化异常、明显水肿和发育异常。最显著的发现是：（1）石灰、石灰加维生素A、烟草加维生素A、石灰加烟草以及石灰加烟草和维生素A所引起的上皮改变比单独烟草引起的更为严重；（2）随着暴露于受试物质时间的延长，上皮发育异常加剧；（3）维生素A的存在会增强组织变化。
