Gupta Shreya, Urs Tanmay J, Aggarwal Navya, Sen Shinjini, Bondhopadhyay Banashree
Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida, India.
Anticancer Agents Med Chem. 2025 Jul 24. doi: 10.2174/0118715206392103250715115020.
The next-generation nanoparticles overcome the drawbacks of early nanoplatforms by integrating multiple functions, such as drug delivery, controlled drug release, and combination therapy, into a single system. This study examines the biomedical applications of quantum dots, carbon nanotubes, superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles, and layered double hydroxides for the delivery of breast cancer drugs. They are termed as "nextgeneration" nanoparticles, as they are advanced nanocarriers that offer a comprehensive and alternative approach towards breast cancer treatment, providing enhanced specificity and efficacy compared to their predecessors. The development of these nanoplatforms has significantly enhanced drug bioavailability and reduced toxicity. A comprehensive analysis of a nanotechnology-based drug delivery system was conducted. The keywords used for this review were "Breast Cancer", "Targeted Drug Delivery", "Quantum Dots", "Carbon Nanotubes", "Layer Double Hydroxides", and "Superparamagnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles". The inclusion criteria consisted of studies focusing on breast cancer, targeted drug delivery, and therapeutic applications of these nanocarriers. In contrast, exclusion criteria included studies focusing on the synthesis of nanocarriers and the diagnostic applications of these nanostructures. The study underscores their mechanisms, limitations, and future development directions. Additionally, the study tracks the evolution of the nanocarriers since their early discovery. Next-generation nanocarriers (QDs, CNTs, SPIONs, and LDHs) have strong therapeutic potential owing to their precisely engineered properties, such as size, shape, morphology, and surface modifications. Their trigger-initiated drug release mechanisms enable targeted delivery with a better rate of tumor penetration, while their ability to co-deliver multiple therapeutic agents addresses drug resistance issues and provides synergistic effects. Comparative analyses have revealed that these advanced nanoplatforms significantly outperform early-generation carriers in terms of bioavailability, reduced toxicity, and treatment efficacy across various breast cancer types. Next-generation nanoplatforms offer unprecedented opportunities for targeted and efficient cancer treatment. Continued research and innovation are necessary to address existing challenges and to optimize their therapeutic potential for clinical applications.
下一代纳米颗粒通过将多种功能（如药物递送、药物控释和联合治疗）整合到单个系统中，克服了早期纳米平台的缺点。本研究考察了量子点、碳纳米管、超顺磁性氧化铁纳米颗粒和层状双氢氧化物在乳腺癌药物递送方面的生物医学应用。它们被称为“下一代”纳米颗粒，因为它们是先进的纳米载体，为乳腺癌治疗提供了一种全面且可供选择的方法，与前代相比具有更高的特异性和疗效。这些纳米平台的发展显著提高了药物的生物利用度并降低了毒性。对基于纳米技术的药物递送系统进行了全面分析。本综述使用的关键词为“乳腺癌”“靶向药物递送”“量子点”“碳纳米管”“层状双氢氧化物”和“超顺磁性氧化铁纳米颗粒”。纳入标准包括聚焦于乳腺癌、靶向药物递送以及这些纳米载体治疗应用的研究。相比之下，排除标准包括聚焦于纳米载体合成以及这些纳米结构诊断应用的研究。该研究强调了它们的作用机制、局限性和未来发展方向。此外，该研究追溯了纳米载体自早期发现以来的演变历程。下一代纳米载体（量子点、碳纳米管、超顺磁性氧化铁纳米颗粒和层状双氢氧化物）因其精确设计的特性（如尺寸、形状、形态和表面修饰）而具有强大的治疗潜力。它们的触发式药物释放机制能够实现靶向递送，并具有更好的肿瘤穿透率，而它们共同递送多种治疗剂的能力则解决了耐药性问题并提供协同效应。比较分析表明，这些先进的纳米平台在生物利用度、降低毒性以及针对各种乳腺癌类型的治疗效果方面显著优于早期载体。下一代纳米平台为靶向和高效的癌症治疗提供了前所未有的机遇。持续的研究和创新对于应对现有挑战以及优化其临床应用的治疗潜力而言是必要的。
