Özdemir Kübra, Demir Yeliz
Faculty of Sports Sciences, Physical Education and Sports Teaching Department Atatürk University Erzurum Türkiye.
Nihat Delibalta Göle Vocational High School, Department of Pharmacy Services Ardahan University Ardahan Türkiye.
Food Sci Nutr. 2025 Jul 28;13(8):e70714. doi: 10.1002/fsn3.70714. eCollection 2025 Aug.
Exercise-induced oxidative stress results from the overproduction of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (ROS/RNS) during intense physical activity, potentially impairing muscle function and recovery. Phenolic compounds, abundant in plant-based foods, are known for their potent antioxidant properties and may modulate redox homeostasis in athletes. This review critically examines the dual role of phenolic compounds in exercise physiology, highlighting both their protective antioxidant effects and the risks of excessive intake that may disrupt adaptive responses. We provide an overview of their molecular mechanisms, dose-dependent outcomes, and bioavailability issues, alongside evidence from animal and human studies. Notably, excessive antioxidant supplementation may interfere with beneficial exercise-induced adaptations, including mitochondrial biogenesis. The review also emphasizes the need for personalized antioxidant strategies based on individual training status, exercise intensity, and metabolic variability. Future research should address long-term effects, optimal dosing, and the interaction of phenolic compounds with other dietary antioxidants. Our findings aim to inform evidence-based recommendations for integrating phenolic compounds into exercise recovery and performance strategies.
运动诱导的氧化应激源于剧烈体育活动期间活性氧和氮物种（ROS/RNS）的过量产生，这可能损害肌肉功能和恢复。植物性食物中富含的酚类化合物以其强大的抗氧化特性而闻名，并且可能调节运动员体内的氧化还原稳态。本综述批判性地审视了酚类化合物在运动生理学中的双重作用，突出了它们的保护性抗氧化作用以及过量摄入可能破坏适应性反应的风险。我们概述了它们的分子机制、剂量依赖性结果和生物利用度问题，以及来自动物和人体研究的证据。值得注意的是，过量补充抗氧化剂可能会干扰运动诱导的有益适应性变化，包括线粒体生物发生。该综述还强调了基于个体训练状态、运动强度和代谢变异性制定个性化抗氧化策略的必要性。未来的研究应关注长期影响、最佳剂量以及酚类化合物与其他膳食抗氧化剂的相互作用。我们的研究结果旨在为将酚类化合物纳入运动恢复和表现策略提供基于证据的建议。
