Fischer Quentin, Ellenbogen Kenneth A, Mittal Suneet, Hausleiter Jörg, Nuche Jorge, Sorajja Paul, Taramasso Maurizio, Thourani Vinod H, Windecker Stephan, Labbé Benoit, Philippon François, Rodés-Cabau Josep
Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Laval University, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada.
Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, Virginia, USA.
JACC Cardiovasc Interv. 2025 Jul 28;18(14):1721-1736. doi: 10.1016/j.jcin.2025.06.026.
Tricuspid regurgitation (TR) is a highly prevalent valve disease, and cardiac surgery has been used in patients with severe symptomatic TR undergoing surgery for other cardiac lesions or less frequently for isolated TR. More recently, transcatheter therapies, particularly transcatheter edge-to-edge repair and valve replacement, have emerged as therapeutic alternatives in those considered at high to extreme risk for surgery. Because of the anatomical proximity of the tricuspid valve (TV) and the atrioventricular conduction system, the risk for high-degree atrioventricular block and permanent pacemaker implantation remains important, as they are common adverse events after transcatheter valve replacement. Furthermore, a significant number of these patients have cardiac implantable electronic devices with leads that may either worsen TR or complicate the treatment procedure. The aim of this review is to provide an overview of different TV interventions, focusing on the risk for atrioventricular conduction disturbances in patients without previous cardiac implantable electronic devices as well as the risk for pacemaker lead-related adverse events following transcatheter TV interventions. Finally, the authors propose a management algorithm for patients with conduction disturbances following TV intervention and for those with permanent leads undergoing transcatheter interventions.
三尖瓣反流(TR)是一种非常常见的瓣膜疾病,心脏手术已应用于患有严重症状性TR且因其他心脏病变而接受手术的患者,或较少用于孤立性TR患者。最近,经导管治疗,特别是经导管缘对缘修复和瓣膜置换,已成为那些被认为手术风险高至极高的患者的治疗选择。由于三尖瓣(TV)与房室传导系统在解剖位置上接近,高度房室传导阻滞和永久起搏器植入的风险仍然很大,因为它们是经导管瓣膜置换术后常见的不良事件。此外,这些患者中有相当一部分拥有心脏植入式电子设备,其导线可能会加重TR或使治疗过程复杂化。本综述的目的是概述不同的TV干预措施,重点关注无先前心脏植入式电子设备患者的房室传导障碍风险以及经导管TV干预后起搏器导线相关不良事件的风险。最后,作者提出了一种针对TV干预后出现传导障碍的患者以及接受经导管干预且有永久导线的患者的管理算法。