Gromek Weronika, Kołdej Natalia, Kurowski Marcin, Majsiak Emilia
Polish-Ukrainian Foundation of Medicine Development, Nałęczowska 14, 20-701, Lublin, Poland.
Student Scientific Association for Allergy, Asthma, and Immunology at the Department of Immunology, Rheumatology, and Allergy Clinic, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, 90-419, Poland.
Clin Rev Allergy Immunol. 2025 Jul 30;68(1):75. doi: 10.1007/s12016-025-09086-7.
Furry animals are familiar companions in modern society. Despite multiple beneficial roles in economic and social contexts, they can be the source of allergenic compounds. Moreover, research indicates that these allergens could be detected even in households where animals are not present. Consequently, the risk of asthma exacerbation is increased. Furthermore, accurately diagnosing a genuine allergy to furry animals remains a significant challenge for medical practitioners. Therefore, this review aims to gather and summarize valid information regarding three main groups of allergens associated with furry animals, including lipocalins, serum albumins, and secretoglobins. In this manuscript, we clarify the molecular structure of allergens, discuss cross-reactions between them, and highlight their clinical importance. We also outline the diagnostic techniques for furry animal allergy, as well as novel, emerging therapies. Additionally, we discuss the occupational risks of allergies for both laboratory workers and cattle farmers.
在现代社会中，毛茸茸的动物是人们熟悉的伙伴。尽管它们在经济和社会环境中发挥着多种有益作用，但它们可能是致敏化合物的来源。此外，研究表明，即使在没有动物的家庭中也能检测到这些过敏原。因此，哮喘加重的风险会增加。此外，准确诊断对毛茸茸动物的真正过敏对医生来说仍然是一项重大挑战。因此，本综述旨在收集和总结与毛茸茸动物相关的三类主要过敏原的有效信息，包括脂质运载蛋白、血清白蛋白和分泌球蛋白。在本手稿中，我们阐明了过敏原的分子结构，讨论了它们之间的交叉反应，并强调了它们的临床重要性。我们还概述了对毛茸茸动物过敏的诊断技术以及新兴的治疗方法。此外，我们讨论了实验室工作人员和养牛农民的职业过敏风险。
