Huang Chunling, Liu Yunfeng, Han Tongyan, Wei Yuan, Gu Xunke, Li Rui
Department of Pediatrics, Peking University Third Hospital, Haidian District, Beijing, China.
Department of Obstetrics, Peking University Third Hospital, Haidian District, Beijing, China.
BMC Pediatr. 2025 Jul 30;25(1):581. doi: 10.1186/s12887-025-05929-6.
Neonatal hydrocephalus is a serious neurological disease; however, advancements in neonatal care and the increasing survival rate of extremely preterm infants and its incidence, etiology, diagnosis and management have also undergone significant changes. In this study, we aimed to summarize the above clinical changes in neonatal hydrocephalus at our hospital over the past 12 years to provide a reference for clinical practice.
This was a single-center retrospective study. To comprehensively collect data on neonatal hydrocephalus, we conducted a case search among hospitalized patients in both the obstetrics and pediatrics departments from January 1, 2010, to December 31, 2021. In the comparative analysis, the infants were divided according to the time of admission into a group for the first 6 years and one for the second 6 years. Between-group comparisons of gestational age, birth weight, etiology, treatment, and prognosis were performed.
Sixty-two patients (28 in the first 6 years; 34 in the latter 6 years) were diagnosed with neonatal hydrocephalus. Their gestational ages ranged from 25 to 39 weeks (median, 30 weeks), and their birth weights ranged from 600 to 4046 g (median, 1255 g). The gestational age and birth weight were significantly lower in the second 6-year group than in the first 6-year group. Furthermore, there was a significant increase in severe germinal matrix-intraventricular hemorrhage (GMH-IVH) in infants and cerebral parenchymal hemorrhage in the latter 6-year group. In terms of surgical treatment, there are more applications of ventricular access devices (VADs) in the latter 6-year group. Among the 62 infants, 21 (33.9%) died, with the majority of deaths (19/21, 90.5%) attributed to treatment withdrawal. Of the surviving infants, 22 had normal development, and 19 had developmental delay.
Gestational age and birth weight were significantly lower in the second 6-year group than in the first 6-year group, and there was a significant increase in severe intracranial hemorrhage and cerebral parenchymal hemorrhage in this group.
新生儿脑积水是一种严重的神经系统疾病；然而，随着新生儿护理的进步以及极早产儿存活率的提高，其发病率、病因、诊断和治疗也发生了显著变化。在本研究中，我们旨在总结我院过去12年新生儿脑积水的上述临床变化，为临床实践提供参考。
这是一项单中心回顾性研究。为全面收集新生儿脑积水的数据，我们对2010年1月1日至2021年12月31日期间产科和儿科住院患者进行了病例检索。在比较分析中，根据入院时间将婴儿分为前6年组和后6年组。对两组的胎龄、出生体重、病因、治疗和预后进行组间比较。
62例患者（前6年28例；后6年34例）被诊断为新生儿脑积水。他们的胎龄为25至39周（中位数为30周），出生体重为600至4046克（中位数为1255克）。后6年组的胎龄和出生体重明显低于前6年组。此外，后6年组婴儿的重度生发基质-脑室内出血（GMH-IVH）和脑实质出血显著增加。在手术治疗方面，后6年组更多地应用了脑室引流装置（VADs）。62例婴儿中，21例（33.9%）死亡，大多数死亡（19/21，90.5%）归因于放弃治疗。在存活的婴儿中，22例发育正常，19例发育迟缓。
后6年组的胎龄和出生体重明显低于前6年组，且该组重度颅内出血和脑实质出血显著增加。
