Oh Jung-Hyun, Seo Juhee, Park Hyun Jung
Vital Statistics Division, Statistics Korea, Daejeon, Korea.
Ewha Med J. 2025 Jul;48(3):e46. doi: 10.12771/emj.2025.00689. Epub 2025 Jul 28.
This study aimed to describe mortality trends in the Republic of Korea in 2022 by analyzing total deaths, crude and age-standardized mortality rates, as well as age- and sex-specific patterns and changes in cause-specific mortality. The analysis updates previous reports with newly available data from 2022.
A repeated cross-sectional analysis was performed using nationwide death certificate data collected through municipal administrative offices. Deaths occurring in 2022 were aggregated from reports filed over a 16-month period, spanning January 2022 to April 2023. Causes of death were classified according to the World Health Organization's International Classification of Diseases. Quality assurance was ensured through administrative record linkage across 22 databases and validation using an independent infant mortality survey. Descriptive statistics were employed to summarize the findings.
In 2022, Korea recorded 372,939 deaths (the highest annual total since 1983), corresponding to a crude death rate of 727.6 per 100,000 population. This increase contributed to a net population decline of 123,751. Mortality rates rose across most age groups, with particularly marked increases among those aged 1-9 and those aged 80 or older. Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) became the third leading cause of death (31,280 deaths; 61.0 per 100,000), driven largely by the Omicron variant and heightened infection rates among older adults. Pancreatic cancer overtook stomach cancer in the mortality rankings. There were sharp increases in deaths attributed to Alzheimer's disease and diabetes. Although deaths from intentional self-harm declined, suicide remained a significant cause of death among younger individuals.
Korea experienced a record-high mortality rate in 2022, largely due to the impacts of COVID-19 and ongoing population aging. Notable shifts in cause-specific mortality were observed, including increases in deaths from Alzheimer's disease, diabetes, and pancreatic cancer, underscoring evolving public health challenges.
本研究旨在通过分析总死亡人数、粗死亡率和年龄标准化死亡率，以及特定年龄和性别的模式和死因别死亡率的变化，描述2022年大韩民国的死亡率趋势。该分析使用2022年新获得的数据更新了以往的报告。
采用重复横断面分析，使用通过市行政办公室收集的全国死亡证明数据。2022年发生的死亡人数汇总自2022年1月至2023年4月这16个月期间提交的报告。死因根据世界卫生组织的《国际疾病分类》进行分类。通过22个数据库的行政记录链接和使用独立婴儿死亡率调查进行验证来确保质量保证。采用描述性统计来总结研究结果。
2022年，韩国记录了372,939例死亡（为1983年以来的年度最高总数），粗死亡率为每10万人727.6例。这一增长导致人口净减少123,751人。大多数年龄组的死亡率都有所上升，其中1至9岁和80岁及以上人群的死亡率上升尤为明显。2019冠状病毒病（COVID-19）成为第三大死因（31,280例死亡；每10万人61.0例），主要由奥密克戎变种和老年人中较高的感染率所致。胰腺癌在死亡率排名中超过了胃癌。阿尔茨海默病和糖尿病导致的死亡人数急剧增加。尽管故意自伤导致的死亡人数有所下降，但自杀仍是年轻人中的一个重要死因。
韩国在2022年经历了创纪录的高死亡率，主要是由于COVID-19的影响和持续的人口老龄化。观察到死因别死亡率出现了显著变化，包括阿尔茨海默病、糖尿病和胰腺癌导致死亡人数增加，凸显了不断演变的公共卫生挑战。
