Molina Jonathan J, Flores-Mireles Ana Lidia
Integrated Biomedical Sciences and Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame, IN.
Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2025 Jul 31. doi: 10.1161/ATVBAHA.125.321600.
Hemostasis, a critical physiological process, is essential for stopping bleeding and initiating tissue repair after injury. It involves a tightly coordinated interplay between coagulation (blood clotting) and fibrinolysis (clot breakdown). Dysregulation of hemostasis can result in a wide range of diseases, such as infections, cancers, metabolic disorders, and neurodegenerative disorders. In the urinary tract, disruption of homeostasis and induction of hemostasis by diseases or foreign bodies (such as urinary catheters) can lead to various problems, such as infections, inflammation, and structural damage. Furthermore, hemostatic proteins have been associated with severe cancer progression. Thus, highlighting the roles of clot formation and plasminogen activation in urinary tract pathologies is important. This review details the pathogenesis of the urinary tract and urothelial carcinoma, as well as the roles of clot formation and plasminogen activation during disease onset and progression.
止血是一个关键的生理过程，对于损伤后止血和启动组织修复至关重要。它涉及凝血（血液凝固）和纤维蛋白溶解（凝块分解）之间紧密协调的相互作用。止血功能失调会导致多种疾病，如感染、癌症、代谢紊乱和神经退行性疾病。在泌尿系统中，疾病或异物（如导尿管）破坏内环境稳态并引发止血，可导致各种问题，如感染、炎症和结构损伤。此外，止血蛋白与严重的癌症进展有关。因此，强调凝块形成和纤溶酶原激活在泌尿系统疾病中的作用很重要。本综述详细阐述了泌尿系统和尿路上皮癌的发病机制，以及凝块形成和纤溶酶原激活在疾病发生和进展过程中的作用。
