Hagman Karl, Nilsson Anna C, Hedenstierna Magnus, Ursing Johan
Department of Infectious Diseases, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden.
Department of Infectious Diseases, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
Open Forum Infect Dis. 2025 Jun 26;12(7):ofaf380. doi: 10.1093/ofid/ofaf380. eCollection 2025 Jul.
This study aimed to describe the incidence rate, patient characteristics, treatments, and outcomes of adults hospitalized with pneumonia.
This retrospective cohort study included adults diagnosed with pneumonia and admitted to emergency care hospitals in Stockholm County, Sweden, from 2013 to 2017. Patients were identified through positive polymerase chain reaction and code J15.7 ( pneumonia). Medical records were reviewed manually, and population data were extracted from statistical databases. Incidence rates were calculated, and treatment outcomes were analyzed using regression models.
A total of 747 adults with a median age of 42 (interquartile range [IQR], 33-55) years, of whom 55% (385/747) were male, were hospitalized with pneumonia. The incidence rate was 8.5 cases per 100 000 person-years, peaking at 14.1 in 2016. Cough (95%) and fever (92%) were the most common symptoms, and 71% were hypoxemic at admission. Patients with severe disease had longer symptom duration at admission. In-hospital mortality was 0.4%, and 6% required intensive care unit admission. Median length of stay (4 [IQR, 2-6] days) was longer in patients treated with macrolides (+1.0 [IQR, 0.9-1.2] days; < .001) and fluoroquinolones (+0.8 [IQR, 0.1-1.4] days; = .03) compared to those treated with tetracyclines. The median fever duration was significantly longer (+0.3 [IQR, 0.1-0.6] days; = .02) in patients treated with fluoroquinolones compared to those treated with tetracyclines.
The study highlights the importance of timely and accurate treatment of pneumonia. Tetracycline treatment was associated with better outcomes, suggesting they may be an effective first-line treatment option.
本研究旨在描述成人肺炎住院患者的发病率、患者特征、治疗方法及治疗结果。
这项回顾性队列研究纳入了2013年至2017年期间在瑞典斯德哥尔摩县急诊医院确诊为肺炎并住院的成人患者。通过聚合酶链反应阳性和编码J15.7（肺炎）来确定患者。人工查阅病历，并从统计数据库中提取人口数据。计算发病率，并使用回归模型分析治疗结果。
共有747例中位年龄为42岁（四分位间距[IQR]，33 - 55岁）的成人因肺炎住院，其中55%（385/747）为男性。发病率为每10万人年8.5例，2016年达到峰值14.1例。咳嗽（95%）和发热（92%）是最常见的症状，71%的患者入院时存在低氧血症。重症患者入院时症状持续时间更长。住院死亡率为0.4%，6%的患者需要入住重症监护病房。与接受四环素治疗的患者相比，接受大环内酯类药物治疗的患者中位住院时间更长（+1.0[IQR，0.9 - 1.2]天；P <.001），接受氟喹诺酮类药物治疗的患者中位住院时间也更长（+0.8[IQR，0.1 - 1.4]天；P = 0.03）。与接受四环素治疗的患者相比，接受氟喹诺酮类药物治疗的患者中位发热持续时间显著更长（+0.3[IQR，0.1 - 0.6]天；P = 0.02）。
该研究强调了及时、准确治疗肺炎的重要性。四环素治疗与更好的治疗结果相关，表明它们可能是一种有效的一线治疗选择。
