Lamesa Ashenafi, Teshoma Shibire, Oljira Desta Habtamu, Regassa Belay Tafa, Waqkene Tolossa
Department of Public Health, Tulu Bolo General Hospital, Tulu Bolo, Ethiopia.
Department of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ambo University, Ambo, Ethiopia.
Front Public Health. 2025 Jul 16;13:1484866. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2025.1484866. eCollection 2025.
The goal of antiretroviral therapy for HIV infection is to achieve and maintain virological suppression. Review of charts of adult HIV-positive patients at public health facilities in Tulu Bolo Town reveals that approximately 6.07% of patients did not respond to first-line antiretroviral medication. The identified gap indicates that the study area's virological failure prevalence and contributing factors are not well-documented. Thus, this study's objectives are to evaluate prevalence and close a knowledge gap about factors associated with virological failure.
The objective of this study was to assess the prevalence of virological failure and associated factors among patients taking highly active antiretroviral therapy in Tulu Bolo Town Health facilities, Oromia, Ethiopia, 2024.
Health facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted at Tulu Bolo Town in public health facilities from 30 September 2024 to 30 October 2024. The total sample sizes of 274 records of clients were selected using simple random sampling technique. Data were cleaned and entered into EPI info version 7.2.0.1 and exported to SPSS version 20.0 for further analysis. The association was identified using binary logistic regression model. An adjusted odds ratio with 95% confidence intervals (CI) was computed to identify the presence and strength of association. Finally, statistically significant variables were declared at a -value of < 0.05 along with 95% CI.
A total of 274 charts of HIV-positive clients were included in the study. The magnitude of virological failure was 12.8% (95%CI 9, 17%). Baseline CD4 count < 200 (AOR 6.1, 95%CI 2.06, 18.43), clients infected with TB (AOR 4.8 95%CI 1.78, 12.96), treatment interruption (AOR 3.05, 95% CI 1.06, 8.77), and adherence (AOR 3.67, 95%CI 1.39, 9.66) were statistically significant association.
The overall prevalence of virological failure of this study was high as compared to standard. Baseline CD4 count, TB infection, treatment interruption, and adherence were significant factors. Health facility ART provider and HIV/AIDS program manager should give special attention for clients with history of TB co-infection and CD4 count < 200 needs care and support and providing TB preventive therapy.
抗逆转录病毒疗法治疗艾滋病毒感染的目标是实现并维持病毒学抑制。对图卢博洛镇公共卫生设施中成年艾滋病毒阳性患者的病历审查显示，约6.07%的患者对一线抗逆转录病毒药物无反应。已发现的这一差距表明，该研究地区病毒学失败的患病率及相关因素尚未得到充分记录。因此，本研究的目的是评估患病率并填补有关病毒学失败相关因素的知识空白。
本研究的目的是评估2024年埃塞俄比亚奥罗米亚图卢博洛镇卫生设施中接受高效抗逆转录病毒治疗的患者的病毒学失败患病率及相关因素。
2024年9月30日至10月30日在图卢博洛镇的公共卫生设施中开展了一项基于卫生设施的横断面研究。使用简单随机抽样技术选取了274份客户记录作为总样本量。数据经过清理后录入EPI info 7.2.0.1版本，并导出到SPSS 20.0版本进行进一步分析。使用二元逻辑回归模型确定关联。计算调整后的比值比及95%置信区间（CI）以确定关联的存在及强度。最后，当P值<0.05以及95%CI时宣布具有统计学意义的变量。
本研究共纳入274份艾滋病毒阳性客户的病历。病毒学失败的发生率为12.8%（95%CI 9，17%）。基线CD4细胞计数<200（调整后比值比6.1，95%CI 2.06，18.43）、感染结核病的患者（调整后比值比4.8，95%CI 1.78，12.96）、治疗中断（调整后比值比3.05，95%CI 1.06，8.77）以及依从性（调整后比值比3.67，95%CI 1.39，9.66）具有统计学意义的关联。
与标准相比，本研究中病毒学失败的总体患病率较高。基线CD4细胞计数、结核病感染、治疗中断和依从性是重要因素。卫生设施的抗逆转录病毒治疗提供者和艾滋病毒/艾滋病项目管理者应特别关注合并结核病感染史且CD4细胞计数<200的患者，这些患者需要护理和支持，并应提供结核病预防性治疗。
