Luppino Ivano, Lacarrubba Francesco, Verzì Anna Elisa, Micali Giuseppe
Dermatology Clinic, University of Catania, Catania, Italy.
Skin Appendage Disord. 2025 Jun 18. doi: 10.1159/000546890.
Phyma of the nose, or rhinophyma, is considered a diagnostic clinical phenotype of rosacea. Rarely, phyma manifestations may be present on the chin (gnathophyma), ear (otophyma), forehead (metophyma) and eyelids (blepharophyma). The purpose of this paper was to present a case of rhino-metophyma and to review the literature on the topic.
A 74-year-old Caucasian male with a history of inflammatory rosacea, complained of marked nasal and frontal skin thickening. Based on clinical, ultrasound, and histopathological examination, the diagnosis of rhino-metophyma was formulated. A literature review from 2000 to 2024 revealed 14 cases of rhinophyma associated with other localizations: 7 cases of rhino-otophyma, 4 of rhino-gnathophyma, and 3 of rhino-metophyma. Reported cases of isolated extranasal phyma were 21: 10 of gnathophyma, 9 of otophyma, and 2 of metophyma. Overall, patients with involvement of the nose and extranasal phyma were predominantly males with a male:female ratio 6:1, while among extranasal localizations the male:female ratio was 1.1:1.
The diagnosis of rhinophyma is clinical and in the majority of cases quite easy, less for the isolated phymas in extranasal localizations. Little is also known about the management of these forms, and more studies on the prevalence of extranasal localizations and their therapeutic management would be desirable.
鼻部酒渣鼻，即肥大性酒渣鼻，被认为是酒渣鼻的一种具有诊断意义的临床表型。很少见的情况下，肥大性表现可能出现在下巴（颌部酒渣鼻）、耳朵（耳部酒渣鼻）、前额（额部酒渣鼻）和眼睑（睑部酒渣鼻）。本文旨在介绍一例鼻 - 额部酒渣鼻病例，并对该主题的文献进行综述。
一名74岁的白种男性，有炎性酒渣鼻病史，主诉鼻部和额部皮肤明显增厚。基于临床、超声和组织病理学检查，诊断为鼻 - 额部酒渣鼻。对2000年至2024年的文献综述显示，有14例酒渣鼻合并其他部位病变：7例鼻 - 耳部酒渣鼻，4例鼻 - 颌部酒渣鼻，3例鼻 - 额部酒渣鼻。报告的孤立性鼻外酒渣鼻病例有21例：10例颌部酒渣鼻，9例耳部酒渣鼻，2例额部酒渣鼻。总体而言，累及鼻部和鼻外酒渣鼻的患者以男性为主，男女比例为6:1，而在鼻外部位中，男女比例为1.1:1。
酒渣鼻的诊断主要依靠临床，在大多数情况下相当容易，但对于鼻外部位的孤立性酒渣鼻则较难。对于这些类型的治疗方法也知之甚少，因此需要更多关于鼻外部位酒渣鼻患病率及其治疗方法的研究。
