Salehi Fatemeh, Zarei Leila, Mokhayeri Yaser, Rajabzadeh Omid
Department of Anatomy Sciences, Faculty of Medicine Lorestan University of Medical Sciences Khorramabad Iran.
Center for preventive Neurology, Wolfson Institute of population health Queen Mary university of London London UK.
Food Sci Nutr. 2025 Jul 29;13(8):e70705. doi: 10.1002/fsn3.70705. eCollection 2025 Aug.
(SM), a medicinal herb known for its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, has been traditionally used to treat various physiological disorders. This study aimed to evaluate the potential protective effects of SM extract on spermatogenesis in male Wistar rats following ibuprofen administration. A total of 42 adult male Wistar rats were randomly divided into six groups: control group; SM group (200 mg/kg); ibuprofen-treated groups at doses of 15 mg/kg (IbL) and 30 mg/kg (IbH); and two co-treatment groups receiving SM (200 mg/kg) along with either 15 mg/kg or 30 mg/kg of ibuprofen. Serum levels of testosterone, FSH, and LH were measured using ELISA assay kits. Oxidative stress markers including TAC, MDA, GPx, and CAT were also assessed using specific commercial diagnostic kits according to the manufacturer's instructions. Histopathological evaluation of testicular tissue was performed using the Johnsen scoring system, and sperm parameters were analyzed from the epididymal tail. Significant histopathological changes were observed only in the IbH group (30 mg/kg), showing a decrease in seminiferous tubule thickness and count compared to control (). No significant differences were found in Johnsen scores or necrosis grades among groups. Serum testosterone levels significantly increased in the SM-treated group ( 0.05), while FSH and LH levels remained unchanged. The highest CAT activity was observed in the SM group, whereas the lowest was in the IbH and IbL groups ( 0.05). The highest MDA level was detected in the IbL group, and the highest GPx level was seen in the SM + IbH group. Sperm parameters improved significantly in the SM-treated groups but were adversely affected by high-dose ibuprofen ( < 0.05). These findings indicate that ibuprofen, especially at a high dose, may impair spermatogenesis and sperm quality, potentially through induction of oxidative stress. In contrast, SM demonstrated protective effects by improving testosterone levels, enhancing antioxidant defense (TAC), and partially restoring sperm parameters. These results suggest that SM could serve as a potential natural supplement to mitigate the adverse effects of ibuprofen on male reproductive health.
（SM）是一种以其抗氧化和抗炎特性而闻名的草药，传统上用于治疗各种生理紊乱。本研究旨在评估SM提取物对布洛芬给药后雄性Wistar大鼠精子发生的潜在保护作用。总共42只成年雄性Wistar大鼠被随机分为六组：对照组；SM组（200毫克/千克）；15毫克/千克（IbL）和30毫克/千克（IbH）剂量的布洛芬治疗组；以及两个联合治疗组，分别接受200毫克/千克的SM与15毫克/千克或30毫克/千克的布洛芬。使用ELISA检测试剂盒测量血清睾酮、促卵泡生成素（FSH）和促黄体生成素（LH）水平。还根据制造商的说明，使用特定的商业诊断试剂盒评估包括总抗氧化能力（TAC）、丙二醛（MDA）、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GPx）和过氧化氢酶（CAT）在内的氧化应激标志物。使用约翰森评分系统对睾丸组织进行组织病理学评估，并从附睾尾部分析精子参数。仅在IbH组（30毫克/千克）观察到显著的组织病理学变化，与对照组相比，生精小管厚度和数量减少。各组之间在约翰森评分或坏死等级方面未发现显著差异。SM治疗组的血清睾酮水平显著升高（P＜0.05），而FSH和LH水平保持不变。在SM组中观察到最高的CAT活性，而在IbH和IbL组中最低（P＜0.05）。在IbL组中检测到最高的MDA水平，在SM + IbH组中观察到最高的GPx水平。SM治疗组的精子参数显著改善，但高剂量布洛芬对其有不利影响（P＜0.05）。这些发现表明，布洛芬，尤其是高剂量时，可能通过诱导氧化应激损害精子发生和精子质量。相比之下，SM通过提高睾酮水平、增强抗氧化防御（TAC）和部分恢复精子参数表现出保护作用。这些结果表明，SM可以作为一种潜在的天然补充剂，减轻布洛芬对男性生殖健康的不利影响。
