Akhtayeva Nazgul, Kosherbayeva Lyazzat, Imamatdinova Aziza, Šmigelskas Kastytis
SDU University, Kaskelen, Kazakhstan.
Asfendiyarov Kazakh National Medical University, Almaty, Kazakhstan.
Arch Med Sci. 2024 Jul 28;21(3):858-867. doi: 10.5114/aoms/190772. eCollection 2025.
Recent research has shown a rise in the prevalence of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) worldwide. At the same time, care for ASD children was found to affect the psychological health of parents or guardians of ASD children. The aim of the study was to identify the wellbeing of parents raising ASD children and to explore the experiences of primary health care (PHC) psychologists in providing support to them.
We conducted a cross-sectional study. Parents of ASD children took part in the survey. Wellbeing was assessed using the Parental Well-Being Scale including physical and emotional health, stress, social support, and quality of life. Ten primary care psychologists were also interviewed.
Three hundred and twenty-seven parents of ASD children participated in our study. The mean wellbeing score for all parents was 52.6 ±15.65 points. The highest scoring aspects of wellbeing were enjoyment in looking after the child (mean 7.29 points) and quality of life (mean 6.87 points). The strongest predictor of parental wellbeing was presence of a disability diagnosis for the ASD child (6.33 points), with lower parental wellbeing (β = 0.20, < 0.001). The interview results show the insufficient competence of psychologists to work with parents of children with ASD.
On the Parental Well-Being Scale, the highest scores were observed for enjoyment in looking after the child and quality of life. Insufficient work is carried out by PHC psychologists with parents of children with ASD. There is a need for future training of psychologists in the management of children with ASD and their parents.
最近的研究表明，全球范围内自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）的患病率有所上升。与此同时，人们发现照顾自闭症儿童会影响自闭症儿童父母或监护人的心理健康。本研究的目的是确定抚养自闭症儿童的父母的幸福感，并探索初级卫生保健（PHC）心理学家为他们提供支持的经验。
我们进行了一项横断面研究。自闭症儿童的父母参与了调查。使用父母幸福感量表评估幸福感，包括身心健康、压力、社会支持和生活质量。还采访了10名初级保健心理学家。
327名自闭症儿童的父母参与了我们的研究。所有父母的平均幸福感得分为52.6±15.65分。幸福感得分最高的方面是照顾孩子的乐趣（平均7.29分）和生活质量（平均6.87分）。父母幸福感最强的预测因素是自闭症儿童有残疾诊断（6.33分），父母幸福感较低（β = 0.20，<0.001）。访谈结果显示心理学家与自闭症儿童父母合作的能力不足。
在父母幸福感量表上，照顾孩子的乐趣和生活质量得分最高。初级卫生保健心理学家与自闭症儿童父母开展的工作不足。未来需要对心理学家进行自闭症儿童及其父母管理方面的培训。
