Portocarrero Ramos Heily Consepción, Cruz Caro Omer, Sánchez Bardales Einstein, Quiñones Huatangari Lenin, Campos Trigoso Jonathan Alberto, Maicelo Guevara Jorge Luis, Chávez Santos River
Universidad Nacional Toribio Rodríguez de Mendoza de Amazonas, Chachapoyas, Peru.
Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, Lima, Peru.
Front Artif Intell. 2025 Jul 16;8:1629320. doi: 10.3389/frai.2025.1629320. eCollection 2025.
Artificial intelligence (AI) has emerged as a transformative technology in multiple areas, including the labor market. Its incorporation into organizations redefines professional profiles, required skills, and employability conditions. In this context, it is essential to understand how university graduates are preparing to face these changes and what role their AI skills play in their integration into the workforce. The study aimed to analyze the level of AI skills and their impact on the employability of university graduates through a quantitative and descriptive design. A survey was conducted with a sample of 148 undergraduate and graduate graduates. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and visualized using graphs. The results indicated that graduates who report greater knowledge and more frequent use of AI tools, especially generative ones such as ChatGPT, are more likely to be employed in areas related to their majors and to perceive higher productivity and better professional alignment. However, a generational gap in digital skills was also identified, as well as a widespread feeling of insufficient preparation for the challenges of the current labor market. The conclusion is that AI skills are consolidating as a key differentiating factor in employability and that their formal incorporation into university curricula is urgently needed. The implications of the study point to the need for an educational transformation that integrates AI as a transversal skill, promotes ongoing teacher training, and fosters policies that guarantee inclusive education aligned with the challenges of the digital age.
人工智能（AI）已成为包括劳动力市场在内的多个领域的变革性技术。它被纳入组织重新定义了职业形象、所需技能和就业条件。在这种背景下，了解大学毕业生如何准备面对这些变化以及他们的人工智能技能在融入劳动力市场中发挥什么作用至关重要。该研究旨在通过定量和描述性设计分析人工智能技能水平及其对大学毕业生就业能力的影响。对148名本科和研究生毕业生进行了一项调查。使用描述性统计分析数据并通过图表进行可视化展示。结果表明，报告对人工智能工具（尤其是ChatGPT等生成式工具）有更多了解且使用更频繁的毕业生，更有可能在与其专业相关的领域就业，并感受到更高的生产力和更好的职业匹配度。然而，也发现了数字技能方面的代际差距，以及普遍存在的对当前劳动力市场挑战准备不足的感觉。结论是，人工智能技能正在巩固为就业能力的关键差异化因素，迫切需要将其正式纳入大学课程。该研究的影响指出了教育变革的必要性，即将人工智能作为一项横向技能加以整合、促进教师的持续培训，并制定政策以确保与数字时代挑战相适应的包容性教育。
