Regalado Guerrero María F, Iñiguez Gutiérrez Liliana, Gómez Sandoval Juan R, Ramírez López Inocencia G, Gutiérrez Silerio Gloria Y, Chávez Maciel José M, Guerrero Velázquez Celia, Rodríguez Montaño Ruth
Universidad de Guadalajara, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Especialidad de Odontopediatría, Departamento de Clínicas Odontológicas Integrales, Guadalajara, Jalisco, México.
Departamento Académico de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guadalajara, Zapopan, México.
Acta Odontol Latinoam. 2025 Apr;38(1):49-58. doi: 10.54589/aol.38/1/49.
Microorganisms attached to surfaces form intricate colonies known as biofilms. Dental plaque is the biofilm formed on the tooth surface, including the gingival sulcus. Plaque staining makes it easier to see which areas need more brushing time, and which have higher risk of periodontal disease or caries. Dental plaque is largely influenced by diet, becoming more and more dependent on diet related carbohydrates as it ages. Inadequate dental care and bad eating habits are frequently associated with the presence of visible bacterial plaque.
The aim of this study is to evaluate the percentage of dental plaque according to body mass index (BMI) and to identify whether the plaque is newly deposited, mature or acidified.
Twenty-five patients from the Pediatric Dentistry Clinics at the University of Guadalajara were evaluated. The percentage and type of plaque were identified using a disclosing gel. The percentage of plaque was compared among children with normal weight, overweight and obesity.
14 children were normal weight, six were overweight, four were obese, and one was underweight. Average percentage of total plaque was 70.92%. The most predominant plaque was newly deposited (pink staining), followed by mature plaque (purple staining), and a lower percentage of acidified plaque (light blue staining).
The high percentage of plaque indicates lack or inefficacy of tooth brushing, highlighting the importance of using plaque disclosure for diagnostic and educational purposes for children and parents.
附着在表面的微生物形成复杂的菌落，称为生物膜。牙菌斑是在牙齿表面形成的生物膜，包括龈沟。菌斑染色使人们更容易看清哪些区域需要更多刷牙时间，以及哪些区域患牙周病或龋齿的风险更高。牙菌斑在很大程度上受饮食影响，随着其老化，对与饮食相关的碳水化合物的依赖越来越大。口腔护理不足和不良饮食习惯常常与可见的细菌菌斑的存在有关。
本研究的目的是根据体重指数（BMI）评估牙菌斑的百分比，并确定菌斑是新沉积的、成熟的还是酸化的。
对来自瓜达拉哈拉大学儿科牙科诊所的25名患者进行了评估。使用一种显影凝胶确定菌斑的百分比和类型。比较了体重正常、超重和肥胖儿童的菌斑百分比。
14名儿童体重正常，6名超重，4名肥胖，1名体重过轻。总菌斑的平均百分比为70.92%。最主要的菌斑是新沉积的（粉红色染色），其次是成熟菌斑（紫色染色），酸化菌斑（浅蓝色染色）的百分比更低。
菌斑的高百分比表明刷牙不足或无效，突出了使用菌斑显影剂对儿童和家长进行诊断和教育的重要性。
