Stephan Yannick, Sutin Angelina R, Canada Brice, Hajek André, Terracciano Antonio
Euromov, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France.
Department of Behavioral Sciences and Social Medicine, College of Medicine, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida, United States.
J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci. 2025 Jul 31. doi: 10.1093/geronb/gbaf146.
Falls are a critical public health issue, and there is need to better understand factors associated with risk of falls. The present study examined the association between personality traits and risk of recent and incident falls.
Participants were older individuals (Age range: 60-104 years; N > 16,000) from three longitudinal samples. Each sample included baseline measures of personality traits, covariates (demographic factors) and mediators (disease burden, physical activity, limitations in activities of daily living [ADL], grip strength). Falls were reported at baseline and over 9 to 17 years of follow-up.
Across the three samples and meta-analyses, higher neuroticism was associated with a greater likelihood of having fallen recently at baseline (Odd Ratio [OR]= 1.25; 95%CI= 1.18-1.32, p<.001) and an increased risk of incident falls at follow-up (Hazard Ratio [HR]= 1.09; 95%CI= 1.07-1.12, p<.001). Higher conscientiousness was related to a reduced likelihood of recent falls (OR = 0.84; 95%CI= 0.78-0.90, p<.001) and a decreased risk of incident falls (HR = 0.93; 95%CI= 0.90-0.96, p<.001). Higher extraversion (OR = 0.88; 95%CI= 0.79-0.98, p<.05) and openness (OR = 0.93; 95%CI= 0.89-0.97, p<.01) were related to a lower likelihood of having fallen recently but were not associated with incident falls. Agreeableness was unrelated to recent or incident falls. The association between personality and fall risk was partially mediated by disease burden, physical activity, ADL limitations, and grip strength.
Personality has replicable associations with fall risk. Similar to other geriatric syndromes, higher neuroticism and lower conscientiousness are risk factors for falls.
跌倒问题是一个关键的公共卫生问题，有必要更好地了解与跌倒风险相关的因素。本研究探讨了人格特质与近期跌倒风险及新发跌倒风险之间的关联。
参与者来自三个纵向样本中的老年人（年龄范围：60 - 104岁；N > 16000）。每个样本都包括人格特质的基线测量、协变量（人口统计学因素）和中介变量（疾病负担、身体活动、日常生活活动[ADL]受限情况、握力）。在基线时以及9至17年的随访期间报告跌倒情况。
在三个样本及荟萃分析中，神经质得分较高与在基线时近期跌倒的可能性更大相关（比值比[OR]=1.25；95%置信区间[CI]=1.18 - 1.32，p<0.001），且与随访期间新发跌倒风险增加相关（风险比[HR]=1.09；95%CI=1.07 - 1.12，p<0.001）。尽责性较高与近期跌倒可能性降低相关（OR = 0.84；95%CI=0.78 - 0.90，p<0.001）以及新发跌倒风险降低相关（HR = 0.93；95%CI=0.90 - 0.96，p<0.001）。外向性较高（OR = 0.88；95%CI=0.79 - 0.98，p<0.05）和开放性较高（OR = 0.93；95%CI=0.89 - 0.97，p<0.01）与近期跌倒可能性较低相关，但与新发跌倒无关。宜人性与近期或新发跌倒均无关。人格与跌倒风险之间的关联部分由疾病负担、身体活动、ADL受限情况和握力介导。
人格与跌倒风险存在可重复的关联。与其他老年综合征类似，较高的神经质和较低的尽责性是跌倒的风险因素。
