Zali Fatemeh, Emamgholipour Solaleh, Vatannejad Akram, Mousavi Nasab Seyed Dawood, Absalan Abdorrahim, Ejtahed Hanieh-Sadat, Nasli-Esfahani Ensieh, Ahmadi Nayebali, Siadat Seyed Davar, Pasalar Parvin, Razi Farideh, Esmaeili Fataneh
Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Metabolomics and Genomics Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular-Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Acta Diabetol. 2025 Jul 31. doi: 10.1007/s00592-025-02568-2.
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is one of the most abundant microangiopathy complications among diabetic patients. Gut dysbiosis and the correlation with dietary factors in diabetic participants is undeniable. This study aims to evaluate the alteration of intestinal microbiota and its association with dietary indices, including dietary total antioxidant capacity (dTAC), dietary inflammatory index (DII), and alternative healthy eating index (AHEI) scores among healthy controls (HC) and diabetic participants with and without DN.
The participants were categorized into type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) group, DN group, and HC group. The intestinal microbiota was assessed using a quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) method targeting the bacterial 16 S rRNA gene. Dietary data were obtained using a 168-item semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ).
A higher level of Escherichia, Prevotella, Facalibacterium, and Bacteroides was observed among the HC group than the T2DM and DN individuals. Higher AHEI was observed in the DN group than T2DM group. Lower DII was seen among the T2DM group compared to the HC and DN groups. dTAC index had no significant differences between the studied groups. Furthermore, in the HC group, dTAC showed a marginally significant positive correlation with Bacteroides. dTAC was negatively correlated with Lactobacillus in T2DM subjects. In the whole studied population, a marginally significant positive correlation between Prevotella and dTAC and DII was observed.
Alterations in the intestinal microbiota were observed in participants suffering from T2DM and DN. Furthermore, some intestinal microbiota were associated with AHEI, DII, and dTAC dietary indices.
糖尿病肾病（DN）是糖尿病患者中最常见的微血管病变并发症之一。糖尿病患者肠道菌群失调及其与饮食因素的相关性是不可否认的。本研究旨在评估健康对照者（HC）以及患有和未患有DN的糖尿病患者肠道微生物群的变化及其与饮食指标的关联，这些饮食指标包括饮食总抗氧化能力（dTAC）、饮食炎症指数（DII）和替代健康饮食指数（AHEI）得分。
将参与者分为2型糖尿病（T2DM）组、DN组和HC组。使用靶向细菌16S rRNA基因的定量实时聚合酶链反应（qPCR）方法评估肠道微生物群。饮食数据通过168项半定量食物频率问卷（FFQ）获得。
与T2DM和DN个体相比，HC组中大肠杆菌、普雷沃氏菌、粪杆菌和拟杆菌的水平更高。DN组的AHEI高于T2DM组。与HC组和DN组相比，T2DM组的DII较低。研究组之间的dTAC指数无显著差异。此外，在HC组中，dTAC与拟杆菌呈边缘显著正相关。在T2DM受试者中，dTAC与乳酸杆菌呈负相关。在整个研究人群中，观察到普雷沃氏菌与dTAC和DII之间存在边缘显著正相关。
在患有T2DM和DN的参与者中观察到肠道微生物群的变化。此外，一些肠道微生物群与AHEI、DII和dTAC饮食指标相关。
