Hills B A
Aviat Space Environ Med. 1985 Nov;56(11):1052-8.
Fundamental physiological principles have been invoked to design compatible environments for a space suit, space station, and the space craft used to transport the astronauts from Earth. These principles include the long-term memory of tissues for a bubble-provoking decompression, the intermittent nature of blood flow in the tight connective tissues(s) responsible for the bends whose incidence in aviators has been shown to be related to bubble volume by the Weibull distribution. In the overall design an astronaut breathing a mixture of 30% O2 in N2 for 4-5 h in a space craft at 11.9 psia can transfer to a space station filled with the same mix at 8.7 psia and, after a further 4-5 h, go EVA at any time without any oxygen prebreathing at any stage. The probable incidence of decompression sickness has been estimated as less than 0.5% using the present suit operating at 4.3 psia but the risk could be reduced to zero if the suit pressure were increased to 6.5 psia.
人们运用基本的生理原理来设计与太空服、空间站以及用于将宇航员从地球运送至太空的航天器相适配的环境。这些原理包括组织对引发气泡的减压过程的长期记忆，以及负责减压病的紧密结缔组织中血流的间歇性特征，飞行员中减压病的发病率已通过威布尔分布表明与气泡体积有关。在总体设计中，一名宇航员在11.9 psia的航天器中呼吸含30%氧气的氮气混合物4至5小时后，可转移至充满相同混合气且压力为8.7 psia的空间站，再过4至5小时后，可随时进行舱外活动，且在任何阶段都无需预先吸氧。使用目前在4.3 psia下运行的太空服时，减压病的可能发病率估计低于0.5%，但如果将太空服压力提高到6.5 psia，风险可降至零。
