蛋氨酸、赖氨酸和牛磺酸对蛋鸡采食量及食欲相关神经肽mRNA表达的影响。
Effects of amino acids methionine, lysine, and taurine on feed intake and mRNA expression of appetite-related neuropeptides in layer-type chicks.
作者信息
Ghashghaei Elham, Wang Minghui, Mijiyawa Ahmed, Lin Hai
机构信息
Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Non-grain Feed Resources (Co-construction by Ministry and Province), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Efficient Feeding, Department of Animal Science, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong 271017, PR China.
Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Non-grain Feed Resources (Co-construction by Ministry and Province), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Efficient Feeding, Department of Animal Science, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong 271017, PR China.
出版信息
Poult Sci. 2025 Jul 18;104(10):105586. doi: 10.1016/j.psj.2025.105586.
Amino acids in the brain modulate eating behavior and energy balance. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of DL-methionine (DL-Met), l-lysine monohydrochloride (L-Lys-HCl), and taurine (Tau) on feed intake and the mRNA expression levels of appetite-related hypothalamic neuropeptides in chicks. DL-Met, l-Lys-HCl, or Tau was intracerebroventricularly (ICV) administered to 5-day-old layer-type chicks, and the feed intake was recorded until 1 h post-injection. Quantitative PCR was performed to determine the hypothalamic mRNA expression levels of neuropeptide Y (NPY) and its receptors, agouti-related protein (AgRP), pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC), cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript (CART), and melanocortin receptors. Our results indicated that injection time and treatment have a significant effect on food intake. Food intake decreased significantly at 30 and 60 min after ICV administration of DL-Met (1.678 μmol), l-Lys-HCl (6.856 μmol), and Tau (5.006 μmol) compared to the control group (P > 0.05). On the contrary, a high dose of each amino acid did not alter feed intake (P > 0.05). The result showed that ICV injection of DL-Met (1.678 μmol) significantly decreased the mRNA expressions of NPY,NPY4R, and NPY6R (P < 0.05), but had no significant effect on the mRNA expressions of NPY1R, NPY5R, and AgRP in the hypothalamus (P > 0.05). Similarly, ICV injection of l-Lys-HCl (6.856 μmol) and Tau (5.006 μmol) significantly decreased mRNA levels of NPY, NPY4R, and NPY6R (P < 0.05), without affecting the mRNA expressions of NPY1R, NPY5R, and AgRP (P > 0.05). DL-Met had no effect on anorexigenic gene expression (P > 0.05). l-Lys-HCl upregulated MC1R (P < 0.05), and Tau upregulated POMC and MC3R (P < 0.05), and both had no influence on CART, MC4R, or MC5R (P > 0.05). The result suggests that both orexigenic and anorexigenic neuropeptide genes are involved in the effects of DL-Met, l-Lys-HCl, and Tau. The effect of DL-Met, l-Lys-HCl, and Tau acts in a dose-dependent manner in the hypothalamus to influence feed intake.
大脑中的氨基酸可调节进食行为和能量平衡。本研究旨在探讨DL-蛋氨酸（DL-Met）、L-赖氨酸盐酸盐（L-Lys-HCl）和牛磺酸（Tau）对雏鸡采食量及下丘脑食欲相关神经肽mRNA表达水平的影响。将DL-Met、L-Lys-HCl或Tau经脑室注射（ICV）给予5日龄蛋用型雏鸡，并记录注射后1小时内的采食量。采用定量PCR法测定下丘脑神经肽Y（NPY）及其受体、刺鼠相关蛋白（AgRP）、阿黑皮素原（POMC）、可卡因和苯丙胺调节转录物（CART）以及黑皮质素受体的mRNA表达水平。我们的结果表明，注射时间和处理对采食量有显著影响。与对照组相比，经ICV注射DL-Met（1.678 μmol）、L-Lys-HCl（6.856 μmol）和Tau（5.006 μmol）后30和60分钟时采食量显著下降（P>0.05）。相反，高剂量的每种氨基酸均未改变采食量（P>0.05）。结果显示，经ICV注射DL-Met（1.678 μmol）显著降低下丘脑NPY、NPY4R和NPY6R的mRNA表达（P<0.05），但对下丘脑NPY1R、NPY5R和AgRP的mRNA表达无显著影响（P>0.05）。同样，经ICV注射L-Lys-HCl（6.856 μmol）和Tau（5.006 μmol）显著降低NPY、NPY4R和NPY6R的mRNA水平（P<0.05），而不影响NPY1R、NPY5R和AgRP的mRNA表达（P>0.05）。DL-Met对厌食基因表达无影响（P>0.05）。L-Lys-HCl上调MC1R（P<0.05），Tau上调POMC和MC3R（P<0.05），二者对CART、MC4R或MC5R均无影响（P>0.05）。结果表明，促食欲和抑食欲神经肽基因均参与了DL-Met、L-Lys-HCl和Tau的作用。DL-Met、L-Lys-HCl和Tau在下丘脑以剂量依赖方式发挥作用影响采食量。
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