Hanimoğlu Egemen
University of Çukurova, Faculty of Education, Department of Psychological Counseling and Guidance, Adana, Turkey.
Acta Psychol (Amst). 2025 Sep;259:105360. doi: 10.1016/j.actpsy.2025.105360. Epub 2025 Jul 30.
Life satisfaction is a core indicator of well-being, especially during emerging adulthood, a period marked by rapid psychological and social changes. Although social support is widely recognized as essential for life satisfaction, the mechanisms underlying this relationship-particularly the mediating role of psychological resilience and the moderating role of gender-require further investigation.
This study examined (a) the association between social support and life satisfaction, (b) whether psychological resilience mediates this association, and (c) whether gender moderates these relationships among Turkish university students.
A cross-sectional, correlational design was used with purposive sampling. The sample included 553 young adults (53.9 % female; M_age = 23.4, SD = 2.6) from universities across Turkey. Participants completed the Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS), Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS), and Brief Resilience Scale (BRS). Analyses were conducted using correlation analyses, PROCESS Macro Model 14 with bootstrapping (5000 samples), and moderation analysis. All mediation and moderation relationships were interpreted using bootstrap confidence intervals.
Perceived social support significantly predicted life satisfaction (β = 0.54, p < .001), explaining 29 % of the variance. Psychological resilience served as a significant mediator in this relationship (indirect estimate = 0.11, 95 % CI [0.06, 0.16]). Gender significantly moderated both the direct relationships and the indirect pathway. Specifically, the positive associations between both social support and life satisfaction (β = 0.10, p = .002) and resilience and life satisfaction (β = 0.08, p = .006) were stronger among women. Moderated mediation analysis further revealed that the indirect pathway through resilience was more pronounced in women (B = 0.14, 95 % CI [0.08, 0.20]) than in men (B = 0.07, 95 % CI [0.03, 0.12]), with a significant index of moderated mediation (B = 0.07, 95 % CI [0.02, 0.13], p = .001).
The findings underscore the importance of perceived social support in promoting life satisfaction among emerging adults, with psychological resilience serving as a key intermediary. Gender differences in these pathways point to the value of culturally sensitive, gender-responsive interventions aimed at strengthening resilience and social support systems during this pivotal life stage.
生活满意度是幸福感的核心指标，在成年初期尤为如此，这一时期的特点是心理和社会快速变化。尽管社会支持被广泛认为是生活满意度的关键要素，但是这种关系背后的机制，尤其是心理韧性的中介作用和性别的调节作用，仍有待进一步研究。
本研究探讨了（a）社会支持与生活满意度之间的关联，（b）心理韧性是否在这种关联中起中介作用，以及（c）性别是否在土耳其大学生中调节这些关系。
采用横断面相关设计和目的抽样法。样本包括来自土耳其各大学的553名年轻人（53.9%为女性；年龄中位数 = 23.4，标准差 = 2.6）。参与者完成了生活满意度量表（SWLS）、领悟社会支持多维量表（MSPSS）和简易韧性量表（BRS）。分析采用相关分析、带有自抽样法（5000个样本）的PROCESS宏模型14以及调节分析。所有中介和调节关系均使用自抽样置信区间进行解释。
领悟社会支持显著预测了生活满意度（β = 0.54，p <.001），解释了29%的方差。心理韧性在这种关系中起显著的中介作用（间接估计值 = 0.11，95%置信区间[0.06, 0.16]）。性别显著调节了直接关系和间接路径。具体而言，社会支持与生活满意度之间（β = 0.10，p =.002）以及韧性与生活满意度之间（β = 0.08，p =.006）的正相关在女性中更强。调节中介分析进一步表明，通过韧性的间接路径在女性中（B = 0.14，95%置信区间[0.08, 0.20]）比在男性中（B = 0.07，95%置信区间[0.03, 0.12]）更显著，调节中介指数显著（B = 0.07，95%置信区间[0.02, 0.13]，p =.001）。
研究结果强调了领悟社会支持在促进成年初期个体生活满意度方面的重要性，心理韧性是关键中介因素。这些路径中的性别差异表明，在这一关键人生阶段，针对增强韧性和社会支持系统的文化敏感、性别敏感干预措施具有重要价值。
