Magi Camilla Elena, El Aoufy Khadija, Bambi Stefano, Campoli Alessia, Longobucco Yari, Buccione Emanuele, Amato Carla, Bonacaro Antonio, Rasero Laura, Iovino Paolo
Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.
Nursing, Technical, Rehabilitation, Assistance and Research Direction, IRCCS Istituti Fisioterapici Ospitalieri, IFO, Rome, Italy.
Eur J Pediatr. 2025 Jul 31;184(8):514. doi: 10.1007/s00431-025-06342-y.
To evaluate the psychometric properties of the Italian version of the Parent Attitudes about Childhood Vaccines Survey (PACV-5), a total of 308 parents/legal guardians of children aged 0-18 years completed an anonymous online survey (EUSurvey®). Structural validity was assessed using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). Convergent validity was assessed by correlating PACV-5 scores with health literacy and vaccine confidence measures. Measurement invariance across education levels was tested using the multiple indicators multiple causes (MIMIC) approach. Reliability was evaluated with Cronbach's α and Omega coefficient (ω). Precision was assessed through the standard error of measurement (SEM) and smallest detectable change (SDC). The PACV-5 total score (M = 2.00, SD = 2.36) reflected low vaccine hesitancy. CFA supported a unidimensional structure with good fit indices (RMSEA = 0.057, CFI = 0.99). Convergent validity was confirmed by significant negative correlations between PACV-5 and health literacy (r = - 0.32 and r = - 0.25, p < 0.001, respectively), the Vaccine Confidence Index (r = - 0.60, p < 0.001), and the Adult Vaccine Hesitancy Scale (r =-0.53, p < 0.001). Measurement invariance was confirmed across education levels (less than university degree vs university degree or above). Reliability testing revealed strong internal consistency (ω = 0.81, α = 0.80) and adequate precision (SEM = 1.06, SDC = 2.85).Conclusion: The Italian version of PACV-5 demonstrates robust reliability, validity, measurement invariance, and precision for use in public health contexts. Future research should also assess criterion validity and responsiveness to interventions to enhance vaccine confidence and uptake.
为评估意大利语版的《家长对儿童疫苗的态度调查问卷》（PACV - 5）的心理测量特性，共有308名0至18岁儿童的家长/法定监护人完成了一项匿名在线调查（EUSurvey®）。使用验证性因子分析（CFA）评估结构效度。通过将PACV - 5得分与健康素养及疫苗信心指标进行相关性分析来评估收敛效度。使用多指标多原因（MIMIC）方法测试不同教育水平下的测量不变性。用克朗巴哈α系数和欧米伽系数（ω）评估信度。通过测量标准误（SEM）和最小可检测变化（SDC）评估精度。PACV - 5总分（M = 2.00，SD = 2.36）反映出较低的疫苗犹豫程度。CFA支持单维结构，拟合指数良好（RMSEA = 0.057，CFI = 0.99）。PACV - 5与健康素养（r = - 0.32和r = - 0.25，p < 0.001）、疫苗信心指数（r = - 0.60，p < 0.001）以及成人疫苗犹豫量表（r = - 0.53，p < 0.001）之间的显著负相关证实了收敛效度。不同教育水平（低于大学学历与大学学历及以上）的测量不变性得到证实。信度测试显示出较强的内部一致性（ω = 0.81，α = 0.80）和足够的精度（SEM = 1.06，SDC = 2.85）。结论：意大利语版的PACV - 5在公共卫生环境中表现出强大的信度、效度、测量不变性和精度。未来的研究还应评估效标效度以及对干预措施的反应性，以提高疫苗信心和接种率。
