Moini Ashraf, Dashtkoohi Mohadese, Haghollahi Fedyeh, Abiri Amene, Tajik Nooshan
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Endocrinology and Female Infertility Unit, Arash Women's Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Breast Disease Research Center (BDRC), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
BMC Nutr. 2025 Jul 31;11(1):154. doi: 10.1186/s40795-025-01135-w.
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is frequently linked to obesity and insulin resistance, both of which can affect vitamin D metabolism. Although interest in the role of vitamin D in PCOS has increased, the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and vitamin D levels in these individuals remains uncertain. This study explores the connection between serum vitamin D levels and BMI in women with PCOS.
This study is a secondary analysis of a cross-sectional investigation carried out from March 2021 to December 2023, including 1004 women with PCOS diagnosed based on the Rotterdam criteria. Statistical methods involved using Spearman’s correlation coefficient to evaluate the association between BMI and vitamin D concentrations, with comparisons across BMI groups performed using the Kruskal-Wallis test.
Our study found no significant overall correlation between BMI and vitamin D levels (Rho = 0.035, = 0.261). The median vitamin D levels were 25 ng/mL (IQR 19–34) for normal BMI, 28 ng/mL (IQR 20–35) for overweight, and 24 ng/mL (IQR 19–35) for obese, with no significant differences across these groups ( = 0.109). However, elevated BMI was consistently associated with lower vitamin D levels in individuals with elevated metabolic parameters such as fasting blood sugar, low-density lipoprotein, and triglycerides.
These findings indicate that higher BMI is linked to lower vitamin D levels in individuals with elevated metabolic risk factors. However, the weak correlations suggest that BMI may not directly influence vitamin D levels.
多囊卵巢综合征（PCOS）常与肥胖和胰岛素抵抗相关，这两者均可影响维生素D代谢。尽管对维生素D在PCOS中作用的关注度有所增加，但这些个体的体重指数（BMI）与维生素D水平之间的关系仍不明确。本研究探讨了PCOS女性血清维生素D水平与BMI之间的联系。
本研究是对2021年3月至2023年12月进行的一项横断面调查的二次分析，纳入了1004例根据鹿特丹标准诊断为PCOS的女性。统计方法包括使用Spearman相关系数评估BMI与维生素D浓度之间的关联，使用Kruskal-Wallis检验对不同BMI组进行比较。
我们的研究发现BMI与维生素D水平之间无显著的总体相关性（Rho = 0.035，P = 0.261）。正常BMI者的维生素D水平中位数为25 ng/mL（IQR 19 - 34），超重者为28 ng/mL（IQR 20 - 35），肥胖者为24 ng/mL（IQR 19 - 35），这些组之间无显著差异（P = 0.109）。然而，在空腹血糖、低密度脂蛋白和甘油三酯等代谢参数升高的个体中，BMI升高始终与较低的维生素D水平相关。
这些发现表明，在代谢风险因素升高的个体中，较高的BMI与较低的维生素D水平相关。然而，微弱的相关性表明BMI可能不会直接影响维生素D水平。
