Siddiqui Ayesha, Bai Aruna, Kumar Haresh, Mandhwani Yash Roop, Bai Anjali, Bai Priya, Kumar Neha, Muskan F N U, Jatoi Sumaiya, Ali Zulfiqar, Parveen Abida
Department of Medicine, Ibn E Seena Hospital, Kabul, Afghanistan.
Eur J Med Res. 2025 Jul 31;30(1):691. doi: 10.1186/s40001-025-02852-5.
Chronic urticaria (CU), especially chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU), is a long-term inflammatory skin condition marked by wheals and/or angioedema lasting over six weeks. Emerging evidence suggests a link between vitamin D deficiency and immune dysregulation associated with CU. Given vitamin D's immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory effects, this review explores the therapeutic potential of vitamin D supplementation in CU management.
A systematic review was conducted in accordance with PRISMA guidelines Electronic databases (PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar) were searched using relevant keywords. Studies included were randomized controlled trials (RCTs), case-control, and observational studies assessing serum vitamin D levels or supplementation in patients with CU. Data extraction and bias assessment were independently conducted using standardized tools: the Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool and the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale.
Eleven studies involving 1,491 participants were included. Most studies demonstrated significantly lower serum 25(OH)D levels in patients with CU compared to healthy controls. Vitamin D supplementation, particularly in individuals with a deficiency, was associated with reductions in urticaria activity scores, symptom severity, and improved quality of life. High-dose regimens (e.g., 4,000 IU/day or 60,000 IU/week) appeared more effective. However, results varied due to heterogeneity in study design, dosage, and patient characteristics.
Vitamin D supplementation may serve as a safe, accessible adjunct to standard CU treatment, particularly for those with confirmed deficiency. While evidence suggests potential benefits, further high-quality RCTs are needed to establish causality, optimal dosing, and long-term efficacy.
慢性荨麻疹（CU），尤其是慢性自发性荨麻疹（CSU），是一种长期的炎症性皮肤病，其特征为风团和/或血管性水肿持续超过六周。新出现的证据表明维生素D缺乏与CU相关的免疫失调之间存在联系。鉴于维生素D的免疫调节和抗炎作用，本综述探讨了补充维生素D在CU管理中的治疗潜力。
根据PRISMA指南进行系统综述。使用相关关键词搜索电子数据库（PubMed、Scopus、科学网和谷歌学术）。纳入的研究为随机对照试验（RCT）、病例对照研究和观察性研究，评估CU患者的血清维生素D水平或补充情况。使用标准化工具（Cochrane偏倚风险工具和纽卡斯尔-渥太华量表）独立进行数据提取和偏倚评估。
纳入了11项涉及1491名参与者的研究。大多数研究表明，与健康对照相比，CU患者的血清25(OH)D水平显著降低。补充维生素D，尤其是在缺乏维生素D的个体中，与荨麻疹活动评分降低、症状严重程度减轻和生活质量改善相关。高剂量方案（如每天4000 IU或每周60000 IU）似乎更有效。然而，由于研究设计、剂量和患者特征的异质性，结果有所不同。
补充维生素D可能是标准CU治疗的一种安全、可及的辅助手段，特别是对于那些确诊缺乏维生素D的患者。虽然有证据表明可能有益，但需要进一步的高质量RCT来确定因果关系、最佳剂量和长期疗效。
