Tucho Ayantu, Mekonnen Tilahun, Tesfaye Kassahun, Muleta Diriba, Alemu Tesfaye, Ghadamgahi Farideh, Chawade Aakash, Vetukuri Ramesh Raju
Department of Plant Science, Salale University, P. O. Box 245, Fitche, Ethiopia.
Institute of Biotechnology, Addis Ababa University, Box 1176, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Sci Rep. 2025 Jul 31;15(1):28030. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-13035-x.
Zymoseptoria tritici, the causal agent of Septoria tritici blotch (STB) in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum), leads to significant global yield losses. Resistance breeding is vital for managing STB, but there is limited information on Z. tritici infection behaviour in Ethiopia. This study examined the virulence variability of Z. tritici isolates from Ethiopia's Central Highlands and evaluated the effectiveness of known wheat STB-resistance genes. Eight wheat lines were tested against six Z. tritici isolates, showing significant differences (p < 0.0001) in necrotic leaf area (%NLA) and pycnidia coverage (%PC) among the tested Z. tritici isolates, wheat lines and their interactions. Wheat genotype TE9111 exhibited specific resistance to 50% of the isolates, while Taichung 29 showed no resistance. Isolate ZSE158 was the most aggressive, causing 61.4% PC and 54% NLA. The Ethiopian isolates displayed broad virulence against resistance genes, including Stb2 - Stb7. TE9111, carrying Stb11, showed resistance to 50% of isolates, making it a valuable source for resistance breeding against STB. This study identified highly virulent pathogen isolates useful for wheat germplasm screening for STB resistance and also key resistance source materials for use in wheat resistance breeding in Ethiopia.
小麦黄斑叶枯病菌(Zymoseptoria tritici)是面包小麦(Triticum aestivum)黄斑叶枯病(STB)的病原体,导致全球范围内显著的产量损失。抗性育种对于管理黄斑叶枯病至关重要,但关于埃塞俄比亚小麦黄斑叶枯病菌的感染行为的信息有限。本研究调查了埃塞俄比亚中部高地小麦黄斑叶枯病菌分离株的毒力变异性,并评估了已知小麦黄斑叶枯病抗性基因的有效性。对8个小麦品系进行了针对6个小麦黄斑叶枯病菌分离株的测试,结果显示,在测试的小麦黄斑叶枯病菌分离株、小麦品系及其相互作用之间,坏死叶面积(%NLA)和分生孢子器覆盖率(%PC)存在显著差异(p < 0.0001)。小麦基因型TE9111对50%的分离株表现出特异性抗性,而台中29没有抗性。分离株ZSE158最具侵染性,导致61.4%的分生孢子器覆盖率和54%的坏死叶面积。埃塞俄比亚的分离株对包括Stb2 - Stb7在内的抗性基因表现出广泛的毒力。携带Stb11的TE9111对50%的分离株表现出抗性,使其成为抗黄斑叶枯病抗性育种的宝贵资源。本研究鉴定出了对小麦种质进行黄斑叶枯病抗性筛选有用的高毒力病原体分离株,以及埃塞俄比亚小麦抗性育种中使用的关键抗性源材料。