Lynett Patrick J, Weiss Robert, Higman Bretwood M, Mattox Andrew F, Keen Adam S, Skanavis Vassilios, Tang Hui, Ayca Aykut, Kalligeris Nikos
Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA.
Department of Geosciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA.
Sci Data. 2025 Aug 1;12(1):1341. doi: 10.1038/s41597-025-05617-1.
On 17 October 2015, a mountainside collapse at the terminus of Tyndall Glacier in southeast Alaska generated a landslide-triggered mega-tsunami. The landslide sent approximately 7.6 × 10 m of rock and glacial sediment into Taan Fjord, abruptly displacing the water. The ensuing tsunami reached a peak runup of ~193 m on a steep slope directly across from the landslide, ranking among the highest tsunami runups ever documented. The wave inundated over 20 km² of terrain around Taan Fjord and Icy Bay, stripping forests and depositing sediment up to hundreds of meters inland. In 2016, a comprehensive field campaign surveyed the event, recording precise tsunami runup elevations, flow depths, and inundation distances at dozens of sites throughout the fjord and adjacent coastlines. Here we present the resulting datasets: a georeferenced catalogue of tsunami runup measurements, high-resolution topography and bathymetry data, and an extensive collection of field photographs. These data provide a quantitative record of a mega-tsunami's onshore effects, intended as a benchmark dataset for landslide-tsunami modeling and hazard assessment.
2015年10月17日，阿拉斯加东南部廷德尔冰川末端发生山体滑坡，引发了由滑坡导致的巨型海啸。滑坡将约7.6×10⁶立方米的岩石和冰川沉积物冲进塔恩峡湾，致使海水瞬间移位。随后的海啸在滑坡对面的陡坡上达到了约193米的最大浪高，跻身有记录以来最高海啸浪高之列。海浪淹没了塔恩峡湾和冰湾周围超过20平方公里的区域，摧毁了森林，并在内陆数百米处堆积了沉积物。2016年，一场全面的实地考察对该事件进行了调查，记录了峡湾及邻近海岸线数十个地点精确的海啸浪高、水流深度和淹没距离。在此，我们展示所得数据集：一份地理参考海啸浪高测量目录、高分辨率地形和水深数据，以及大量实地照片。这些数据提供了巨型海啸近岸影响的定量记录，旨在作为滑坡海啸建模和灾害评估的基准数据集。
