Armstrong David
Department of Population Health Sciences, King's College London, London, UK.
Sociol Health Illn. 2025 Sep;47(7):e70073. doi: 10.1111/1467-9566.70073.
This article uses bibliometric and thematic analyses to explore the origins and influence of Crawford's 1980 paper on healthism and the medicalisation of everyday life. The construct of healthism was built on some important concepts such as medical dominance/power, medicalisation, alternative medicines, lifestyles and health behaviour that had only first emerged during the previous decade. In the new millennium, however, healthism has become more associated with new ideas such as appearance and neoliberalism and with wider debates about self-responsibility. This shift in context was also found in the patterning of citations to the paper. After an initial slow accumulation of citations, the number grew rapidly from about 2005. With increasing involvement of patients in their own care management (especially for long-term conditions) and the promotion of more shared decision-making in clinical encounters, the role of self-responsibility in the healthism literature increasingly reflects the emergence of a 'subjectified' individual.
本文运用文献计量学和主题分析方法，探讨克劳福德1980年发表的关于健康主义及日常生活医学化的论文的起源与影响。健康主义这一概念建立在一些重要观念之上，如医学主导地位/权力、医学化、替代医学、生活方式及健康行为等，这些观念在前十年才刚刚出现。然而，在新千年里，健康主义更多地与诸如外表和新自由主义等新观念以及关于自我责任的更广泛辩论联系在一起。这种背景的转变在对该论文的引用模式中也有所体现。在最初引用量缓慢积累之后，引用数量从大约2005年起迅速增长。随着患者越来越多地参与自身护理管理（尤其是针对长期病症）以及临床诊疗中更多共同决策的推广，自我责任在健康主义文献中的作用日益反映出“主观化”个体的出现。
