Chen Qi, Lü Fan, Zhang Hua, Xu Qiyong, He Pinjing
Institute of Waste Treatment & Reclamation, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China.
Institute of Waste Treatment & Reclamation, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, China.
J Hazard Mater. 2025 Sep 15;496:139412. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2025.139412. Epub 2025 Jul 31.
Chlorinated or brominated dissolved organic matter (Cl/Br-DOM) is a global challenge for organic wastewater treatment, such as municipal solid waste leachate (MSWL), due to the absence of effective engineered removal technologies and precise identification method for Cl/Br-DOM molecules. Currently, in terms of the bulk indicators of pollutants, it is difficult to achieve direct or in-pipe discharge of MSWL by biological treatment alone, and deep treatment processes must be superimposed. However, there is a lack of effective deep treatment processes that take into account both bulk indicators and the simultaneous degradation of Cl/Br-DOM. An innovative two-round "Fenton+Anaerobic/Aerobic" ("Fenton+A/O") deep treatment process for the efficient removal of Cl/Br-DOM in MSWL has been engineered and stably operated in long-term in three identical process lines. In addition, it is difficult to accurately identify the specific natural stable isotope structures of Cl and Br by conventional molecular information resolution software or codes. A novel custom data pipeline capable of accurately identifying the fine structure of Cl/Cl and Br/Br isotopes was developed. Based on this, the transformation mechanisms of Cl/Br-DOM along the "Fenton+A/O" was investigated. A new dehalogenation reaction pathway "chemical fragmentation" (-H+-Cl) was confirmed in the "Fenton+A/O". Fenton is the main contributing unit to "chemical fragmentation", and the strong oxidizing radicals it generates continuously shear the Cl/Br groups from long-chain Cl/Br-DOM molecules, allowing them to yield short-chain compounds. The specific pathway of action was excavated. Finally, this study mined the engineering control factors of Cl/Br-DOM based on novel statistical methods and machine learning.
氯化或溴化溶解有机物（Cl/Br-DOM）是有机废水处理面临的全球性挑战，例如城市固体废弃物渗滤液（MSWL），这是因为缺乏有效的工程去除技术以及针对Cl/Br-DOM分子的精确识别方法。目前，就污染物的总体指标而言，仅通过生物处理难以实现MSWL的直接排放或管道内排放，必须叠加深度处理工艺。然而，缺乏同时兼顾总体指标和Cl/Br-DOM同步降解的有效深度处理工艺。一种创新的两轮“芬顿+厌氧/好氧”（“芬顿+A/O”）深度处理工艺已被设计出来，用于高效去除MSWL中的Cl/Br-DOM，并在三条相同的工艺生产线中长期稳定运行。此外，通过传统的分子信息解析软件或代码难以准确识别Cl和Br的特定天然稳定同位素结构。开发了一种能够准确识别Cl/Cl和Br/Br同位素精细结构的新型定制数据管道。基于此，研究了Cl/Br-DOM沿“芬顿+A/O”工艺的转化机制。在“芬顿+A/O”工艺中确认了一种新的脱卤反应途径“化学碎片化”（-H+-Cl）。芬顿是“化学碎片化”的主要贡献单元，它产生的强氧化性自由基不断从长链Cl/Br-DOM分子上剪切Cl/Br基团，使其生成短链化合物。挖掘了具体的作用途径。最后，本研究基于新型统计方法和机器学习挖掘了Cl/Br-DOM的工程控制因素。
