沙特老年人中口腔健康相关生活质量不佳的患病率及预测因素

Prevalence and predictors of poor oral health-related quality of life among the Saudi elderly.

作者信息

Abolfotouh Mostafa A, Alhayf Meshal D, Al-Shaer Ali S, Almutairi Faisal K, Alotaibi Dhay F, Alhawas Norah A, Alrejaye Najla

机构信息

King Abdullah International Medical Research Center/King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, POB 22490, Riyadh, 11426, Saudi Arabia.

Family Health Department, High Institute of Public Health, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt.

出版信息

BMC Public Health. 2025 Aug 2;25(1):2622. doi: 10.1186/s12889-025-23996-3.

DOI:10.1186/s12889-025-23996-3

PMID:40753231

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12317540/

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) among Saudi senior populations has been investigated. Yet, studies were conducted in a confined area or city with smaller sample sizes, using different OHRQoL measures, and none mentioned the rate of poor OHRQoL. Thus, this study aimed to determine the prevalence and predictors of poor OHRQoL in elderly Saudi Arabians, using the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-14).

METHODS

An anonymous, Arabic-validated OHIP-14 questionnaire was used in a community-based cross-sectional study of 706 senior citizens in Saudi Arabia utilizing SurveyMonkey. Each of the seven domains in OHIP-14 has two questions that must be answered on a 5-point Likert scale, with scores ranging from 0 to 56. Higher scores indicated poorer QoL. Poor QOL was reported by those who answered "fairly often" or "very often" at least once. Participant demographics, dental healthcare behaviors, and perceived oral health (OH) status were all gathered. Logistic regression analysis was used to find the predictors of poor OHRQoL.

RESULTS

Poor OHRQoL was noted by nearly half of the individuals (47.5%). The domain with the largest percentage was physical pain (40.8%), followed by physical disability (23.4%), and psychological disability (22.8%). The domain with the lowest percentage was social disability (13.5%). While smoking was a significant risk factor (OR = 1.94, 95% CI 1.08-3.48, p = 0.027) for poor OHRQoL, having dental insurance (OR = 0.64, 95% CI 0.47-0.90, p < 0.001) and having a positive perception of OH status (OR = 0.41, 95% CI 0.30-0.54, p < 0.001) were the significant protective factors after controlling for potential confounders.

CONCLUSION

Nearly half of Saudi Arabia's elderly population had poor OHRQoL. Smoking was a major risk factor for poor OHRQoL, and dental insurance was a significant protective factor. A positive perceived OH status indicates good OHRQoL. Health education seminars on quitting smoking should be conducted. Elderly people's dental insurance should be a top priority.

摘要

背景

沙特老年人群的口腔健康相关生活质量（OHRQoL）已得到研究。然而，此前的研究是在有限的地区或城市开展，样本量较小，使用了不同的OHRQoL测量方法，且均未提及OHRQoL较差的比例。因此，本研究旨在使用口腔健康影响程度量表（OHIP-14）确定沙特阿拉伯老年人OHRQoL较差的患病率及预测因素。

方法

在一项基于社区的横断面研究中，对沙特阿拉伯706名老年人使用经过阿拉伯语验证的匿名OHIP-14问卷，该问卷通过SurveyMonkey发放。OHIP-14的七个领域中的每个领域都有两个问题，必须按照5级李克特量表回答，分数范围为0至56分。分数越高表明生活质量越差。那些至少有一次回答“相当频繁”或“非常频繁”的人被报告为生活质量较差。收集了参与者的人口统计学信息、牙科保健行为以及对口腔健康（OH）状况的认知。采用逻辑回归分析来找出OHRQoL较差的预测因素。

结果

近一半的人（47.5%）OHRQoL较差。占比最大的领域是身体疼痛（40.8%），其次是身体功能受限（23.4%）和心理功能受限（22.8%）。占比最低的领域是社会功能受限（13.5%）。虽然吸烟是OHRQoL较差的一个显著风险因素（比值比[OR]=1.94，95%置信区间[CI]为1.08 - 3.48，p = 0.027），但在控制潜在混杂因素后，拥有牙科保险（OR = 0.64，95% CI为0.47 - 0.90，p < 0.001）和对OH状况有积极认知（OR = 0.41，95% CI为0.30 - 0.54，p < 0.001）是显著的保护因素。