Cao Junyu, Xing Kun, Zhao Fei, Li Weiwei
Department of Biological and Food Engineering, Lvliang University, Lvliang, 033001, China.
Shanxi Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management in Agriculture, College of Plant Protection, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan, 030031, China.
Sci Rep. 2025 Aug 3;15(1):28307. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-13097-x.
Heatwaves are predicted to become more frequent under climate change. However, how different heatwave types and frequencies are linked to multigenerational ecological response remains unclear. Thus, using three heatwave types (34 °C/180 min, 36 °C/30 min, and 38 °C/10 min) and three frequencies (1, 3, and 5 days), we tested the effects of heat stress on the life history traits of Sitobion avenae. Both heatwave type and frequency altered aphid fitness in a generation-specific manner. In maternal generations, at a 1-day frequency, 34℃/180 min exhibited the greatest effects on reproduction and longevity. However, as frequency increased, differences across various heat stress treatments diminished. Conversely, in offspring, 34℃/180 min had minimal effects on demographic parameters. Offspring performance was poorest at the 3-day frequency, indicating that a longer frequency for the mother does not necessarily mean a greater effect on the offspring. Changes in aphid fitness due to heatwave type and frequency are driven by asymmetric effects of heatwaves on aphid life history. Furthermore, understanding how heat stresses affect the life history of aphids is important for predicting the impacts of climate change at the generational level because climate effects on natural populations cannot be predicted simply through changes in mean temperature.
预计在气候变化的情况下，热浪将变得更加频繁。然而，不同类型和频率的热浪如何与多代生态响应相关联仍不清楚。因此，我们使用三种热浪类型（34℃/180分钟、36℃/30分钟和38℃/10分钟）和三种频率（1天、3天和5天），测试了热应激对麦长管蚜生活史特征的影响。热浪类型和频率均以特定世代的方式改变了蚜虫的适应性。在亲代世代中，频率为1天时，34℃/180分钟对繁殖和寿命的影响最大。然而，随着频率增加，各种热应激处理之间的差异减小。相反，在子代中，34℃/180分钟对种群统计学参数的影响最小。子代在频率为3天时的表现最差，这表明亲代经历较长频率的热浪并不一定意味着对子代有更大的影响。热浪类型和频率导致的蚜虫适应性变化是由热浪对蚜虫生活史的不对称影响驱动的。此外，了解热应激如何影响蚜虫的生活史对于预测气候变化在世代水平上的影响很重要，因为不能简单地通过平均温度的变化来预测气候对自然种群的影响。
