Gong Tingting, Ullah Zia, Roy Shubham, Cheng Caixue, Li Menglong, Cheng Jing, Zhang Yinghe, Guo Bing, Qiu Yingwei
Department of Radiology, Shenzhen Nanshan People's Hospital (NSPH), Shenzhen, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.
School of Science, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Flexible Printed Electronics Technology, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Carbon Materials Research and Comprehensive Application, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.
Int J Nanomedicine. 2025 Jul 29;20:9473-9503. doi: 10.2147/IJN.S524454. eCollection 2025.
Molecular imaging probes hold great promise in disease diagnostics and their therapeutic interventions. However, a single imaging modality sometimes lacks efficiency in all kinds of diseases. Conditions such as cancer, cardiovascular disorders, and neurodegenerative diseases critically require multimodal imaging to characterize complex biological environments accurately. Efficient targeting further enhances probe performance, improving diagnostic precision. This study explores the design rationale and application of bimodal probes designed for Magnetic Resonance (MR) and fluorescence (FL) imaging for their complementary strengths. MRI enables deep tissue visualization, while fluorescence offers high sensitivity and cellular-level resolution. Meticulous attention has been devoted to presenting methodologies aimed at improving the targeting efficacy of these probes. This involves the methodology to enhance targeting efficacy, including ligand-based strategies, nanoparticle functionalization, and molecularly imprinted polymers. The probes combine fluorescence for precise cellular imaging with MRI for in-depth tissue visualization, providing synergistic benefits that elevate their diagnostic potential. Moreover, we offer recent developments in Machine Learning and Artificial Intelligence-based computational approaches for image analysis, enabling more precise diagnosis across a range of diseases that may propel their diagnostic abilities for better therapeutic outcomes. Through systematic analysis and in vitro and in vivo evaluations, we demonstrate the ability of the probes to achieve superior spatial and temporal resolution, facilitating the accurate delineation of biological targets. The integration of these bimodal probes holds great promise for advancing our understanding of complex biological processes, enabling more precise diagnostics, and paving the way for targeted therapeutic interventions.
分子成像探针在疾病诊断及其治疗干预方面具有巨大潜力。然而，单一成像模式有时在各类疾病中缺乏效率。诸如癌症、心血管疾病和神经退行性疾病等病症迫切需要多模态成像来准确表征复杂的生物环境。高效靶向进一步提高了探针性能，提升了诊断精度。本研究探讨了为磁共振（MR）和荧光（FL）成像设计的双模态探针的设计原理及应用，利用它们的互补优势。磁共振成像能够实现深部组织可视化，而荧光成像具有高灵敏度和细胞水平分辨率。我们精心致力于介绍旨在提高这些探针靶向效率的方法。这包括提高靶向效率的方法，如基于配体的策略、纳米颗粒功能化和分子印迹聚合物。这些探针将用于精确细胞成像的荧光与用于深部组织可视化的磁共振成像相结合，提供协同效益，提升其诊断潜力。此外，我们介绍了基于机器学习和人工智能的图像分析计算方法的最新进展，能够在一系列疾病中实现更精确的诊断，这可能提升它们的诊断能力以实现更好的治疗效果。通过系统分析以及体外和体内评估，我们证明了这些探针能够实现卓越的空间和时间分辨率，有助于准确描绘生物靶点。这些双模态探针的整合对于增进我们对复杂生物过程的理解、实现更精确的诊断以及为靶向治疗干预铺平道路具有巨大潜力。
