Allen Luke R, Adams Noah, Ashley Florence, Dodd Cody, Ehrensaft Diane, Fraser Lin, Garcia Maurice, Giordano Simona, Green Jamison, Johnson Thomas, Penny Justin, Rachlin Katherine, Veale Jaimie
World Professional Association for Transgender Health Ethics Committee.
Independent Practice, Las Vegas, Nevada, USA.
Int J Transgend Health. 2024 Jan 19;26(3):611-629. doi: 10.1080/26895269.2024.2303462. eCollection 2025.
Transgender health care is a subject of much debate among clinicians, political commentators, and policy-makers. While the World Professional Association for Transgender Health (WPATH) () establish clinical standards, these standards contain implied ethics but lack explicit focused discussion of ethical considerations in providing care. An ethics chapter in the would enhance clinical guidelines. We aim to provide a valuable guide for healthcare professionals, and anyone interested in the ethical aspects of clinical support for gender diverse and transgender people of all ages. Recognizing that the WPATH is a global association, we address broad challenges. We offer a reflection on general ethical principles, providing conceptual tools for healthcare providers, patients, and families to navigate the specific challenges they might encounter in transgender health care, in line with WPATH's worldwide mission and scope. This article employs a descriptive analysis, and our framework of reference is the four principles of biomedical ethics: , , , and . The article presents a discussion on the four ethical principles as applied to transgender health care. We address issues such as respect for patient autonomy in decision-making, the role of beneficence and nonmaleficence in clinical interventions, and the importance of justice in equitable treatment and access to care. Some of the ethical concerns we address in this article pertain to the current sociopolitical climate, where there has been increasing legal interference, internationally, for transgender and nonbinary people, particularly youth, seeking medical care. We highlight the interplay between ethical principles and clinical practice, underscoring the need for ethical guidance in addressing the diverse challenges faced by healthcare providers and patients in transgender health care. We advocate for continuous refinement of ethical thinking to ensure that transgender health care is not only medically effective but also ethically sound.
跨性别者的医疗保健是临床医生、政治评论员和政策制定者之间备受争议的话题。虽然世界跨性别健康专业协会（WPATH）制定了临床标准，但这些标准包含隐含的伦理内容，却缺乏在提供护理时对伦理考量的明确重点讨论。[具体文献名称]中的伦理章节将完善临床指南。我们旨在为医疗保健专业人员以及任何对为所有年龄段的性别多样化和跨性别者提供临床支持的伦理方面感兴趣的人提供一份有价值的指南。认识到WPATH是一个全球性协会，我们应对广泛的挑战。我们对一般伦理原则进行反思，为医疗保健提供者、患者和家庭提供概念工具，以便他们根据WPATH的全球使命和范围应对在跨性别者医疗保健中可能遇到的具体挑战。本文采用描述性分析，我们的参考框架是生物医学伦理的四项原则：尊重自主权、不伤害、有利和公正。本文讨论了这四项伦理原则在跨性别者医疗保健中的应用。我们探讨了诸如在决策中尊重患者自主权、行善和不伤害在临床干预中的作用以及公正在公平治疗和获得护理方面的重要性等问题。我们在本文中讨论的一些伦理问题与当前的社会政治气候有关，在国际上，对寻求医疗护理的跨性别者和非二元性别者，特别是年轻人的法律干预越来越多。我们强调伦理原则与临床实践之间的相互作用，强调在应对医疗保健提供者和患者在跨性别者医疗保健中面临的各种挑战时需要伦理指导。我们主张不断完善伦理思维，以确保跨性别者医疗保健不仅在医学上有效，而且在伦理上合理。
