Galindo Ana, Pérez José A, Mora Annia, Reis Diana B, Almansa Eduardo, Jiménez Ignacio A, Barreto Maria Carmo, Venuleo Marianna, Acosta Nieves G, Rodríguez Covadonga
Department of Animal Biology, Soil Science and Geology, University of La Laguna, La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain.
Canary Islands Oceanographic Center, Spanish Institute of Oceanography (IEO), CSIC, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain.
Aquac Nutr. 2025 Jul 27;2025:8824628. doi: 10.1155/anu/8824628. eCollection 2025.
Feeding marine larvae commonly relies on live prey, which must be enriched with lipid emulsions and/or microalgae rich in long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFA) before being added to larval tanks. This enrichment enhances the nutritional value of live feed and supports larval health and growth. Microalgae are also used in aquaculture as a primary feed source for larvae and for maintaining water quality. However, in-house microalgal cultures are costly, prone to contamination, and require complex harvesting. Sourcing live microalgae from external specialized facilities is also expensive and complicated, as it involves transporting highly diluted biomass, creating a major bottleneck in hatcheries. Consequently, alternative formats of microalgal biomass, including fresh or dried forms, are gaining attention for their ease of use, nutritional stability, and antioxidant potential. To evaluate some of these concentrated biomass substitutes, different formats of (spray-dried [ISD], fresh [IFRE], and frozen [IFRO]) were tested on the rotifer and . Prior to the assay, the total antioxidant capacity and lipid composition of the microalgal products were evaluated. Subsequently, live prey were fed the different formats for 24 h, after which prey survival, lipid composition, and oxidative status were assessed. Our results showed that fresh/frozen exhibited the highest in vitro antioxidant activity, particularly in the ethyl acetate fraction. However, rotifer survival was compromised when using the IFRE format. The spray-dried microalgae was the best format to enhance phospholipid retention in both zooplankton species, also increasing DHA/EPA (22:6n-3/20:5n-3) ratio and n-3 LC-PUFA content in rotifers. ISD also reduced lipid peroxidation in without negatively affecting the live prey culture. In conclusion, based on lipid composition and antioxidant potential, ISD was the most effective format for feeding rotifers and .
投喂海洋幼体通常依赖活饵，在将活饵添加到幼体养殖池之前，必须用富含长链多不饱和脂肪酸（LC-PUFA）的脂质乳剂和/或微藻对其进行强化。这种强化提高了活饵的营养价值，并有助于幼体的健康和生长。微藻在水产养殖中还用作幼体的主要饲料来源以及用于维持水质。然而，室内微藻培养成本高昂，容易受到污染，并且需要复杂的采收过程。从外部专业设施获取活微藻也昂贵且复杂，因为这涉及运输高度稀释的生物量，这成为孵化场的一个主要瓶颈。因此，微藻生物量的替代形式，包括新鲜或干燥形式，因其易用性、营养稳定性和抗氧化潜力而受到关注。为了评估其中一些浓缩生物量替代品，对轮虫和[未提及的物种]测试了不同形式的（喷雾干燥[ISD]、新鲜[IFRE]和冷冻[IFRO]）[未提及的微藻名称]。在试验之前，评估了微藻产品的总抗氧化能力和脂质组成。随后，给活饵投喂不同形式的[未提及的微藻名称]24小时，之后评估饵料的存活率、脂质组成和氧化状态。我们的结果表明，新鲜/冷冻[未提及的微藻名称]表现出最高的体外抗氧化活性，特别是在乙酸乙酯馏分中。然而，使用IFRE形式时轮虫的存活率受到影响。喷雾干燥微藻是提高两种浮游动物物种中磷脂保留率的最佳形式，同时也提高了轮虫中DHA/EPA（22:6n-3/20:5n-3）的比例和n-3 LC-PUFA的含量。ISD还降低了[未提及的物种]中的脂质过氧化，而不会对活饵培养产生负面影响。总之，基于脂质组成和抗氧化潜力，ISD是投喂轮虫和[未提及的物种]的最有效形式。
