Borges de Souza Pedro, Rodrigues Ana Lúcia S, De Felice Fernanda G
Center of Biological Sciences, Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil.
Centre for Neuroscience Studies, Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences & Department of Psychiatry, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada.
J Neurochem. 2025 Aug;169(8):e70185. doi: 10.1111/jnc.70185.
Dementia and depression are two prevalent disorders that warrant significant attention due to their high prevalence and substantial contribution to the global burden of disease. Depression has a high incidence in the elderly and is considered a risk factor for the development of dementia, being a promising target for dementia prevention strategies. Additionally, dementia and depression share common mechanisms through which they manifest pathologically. This review addresses the potential shared mechanisms between dementia and depression, including hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis dysfunction, brain atrophy (mainly hippocampus and prefrontal cortex), cognitive decline, and neuroinflammation. It also explores the therapeutic potential of physical exercise in modulating these shared pathways, highlighting its role as a non-pharmacological intervention for the treatment and prevention of both disorders. The review also explores the muscle-brain crosstalk and the intracellular pathways through which physical exercise exerts its effects.
痴呆症和抑郁症是两种普遍存在的疾病，由于其高患病率以及对全球疾病负担的重大影响，值得高度关注。抑郁症在老年人中发病率很高，被认为是痴呆症发展的一个风险因素，是痴呆症预防策略的一个有前景的目标。此外，痴呆症和抑郁症具有共同的病理表现机制。本综述探讨了痴呆症和抑郁症之间潜在的共同机制，包括下丘脑 - 垂体 - 肾上腺（HPA）轴功能障碍、脑萎缩（主要是海马体和前额叶皮质）、认知衰退和神经炎症。它还探讨了体育锻炼在调节这些共同途径方面的治疗潜力，强调其作为治疗和预防这两种疾病的非药物干预措施的作用。该综述还探讨了肌肉与大脑之间的相互作用以及体育锻炼发挥作用的细胞内途径。
