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西班牙新型蝙蝠冠状病毒的鉴定与特征分析

Identification and characterization of novel bat coronaviruses in Spain.

作者信息

Soriano-Tordera Clàudia, Buigues Jaime, Viñals Adrià, Muscolino Elena, Martínez-Recio Raquel, Díez Juana, Monrós Juan S, Cuevas José M, Dufloo Jérémy, Sanjuán Rafael

机构信息

Institute for Integrative Systems Biology (I2SysBio), Universitat de València and Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, València, Spain.

Institut Cavanilles de Biodiversitat i Biologia Evolutiva, Universitat de València, València, Spain.

出版信息

PLoS Pathog. 2025 Aug 4;21(8):e1013371. doi: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1013371. eCollection 2025 Aug.

Abstract

The zoonotic transmission of bat coronaviruses poses a threat to human health. However, the diversity of bat-borne coronaviruses remains poorly characterized in many geographical areas. Here, we recovered eight coronavirus genomes by performing a metagenomic analysis of fecal samples from hundreds of individual bats captured in Spain, a country with high bat diversity. Three of these genomes corresponded to potentially novel coronavirus species belonging to the alphacoronavirus genus. Phylogenetic analyses revealed that some of these viruses are closely related to coronaviruses previously described in bats from other countries, suggesting a shared viral reservoir worldwide. Using viral pseudotypes, we investigated the receptor usage of the identified viruses and found that one of them can use human ACE2, albeit with lower affinity than SARS-CoV-2. However, the receptor usage of the other viruses remains unknown. This study broadens our understanding of coronavirus diversity and identifies research priorities for the prevention of zoonotic viral outbreaks.

摘要

蝙蝠冠状病毒的人畜共患传播对人类健康构成威胁。然而,在许多地理区域,蝙蝠携带的冠状病毒的多样性仍未得到充分描述。在这里,我们通过对从西班牙捕获的数百只个体蝙蝠的粪便样本进行宏基因组分析,获得了八个冠状病毒基因组。西班牙是一个蝙蝠多样性很高的国家。其中三个基因组对应于属于甲型冠状病毒属的潜在新型冠状病毒物种。系统发育分析表明,其中一些病毒与先前在其他国家的蝙蝠中描述的冠状病毒密切相关,这表明全球存在共享的病毒库。我们使用病毒假型研究了所鉴定病毒的受体使用情况,发现其中一种病毒可以使用人类ACE2,尽管其亲和力低于SARS-CoV-2。然而,其他病毒的受体使用情况仍然未知。这项研究拓宽了我们对冠状病毒多样性的理解,并确定了预防人畜共患病毒爆发的研究重点。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/76a1/12349707/e9e8963b9be9/ppat.1013371.g001.jpg

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