Nascimento Edna F do, Batista Pauliane V C, Cunha Carla S, Lacerda Luanny R A, Moura Vanessa C, Oliveira Tatiana de Q, Filho Adriano J M C, de Rezende Pedro H F, Macedo Danielle S, Vasconcelos Silvânia M M
Drug Research and Development Center, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza 60430-275, Brazil.
ACS Chem Neurosci. 2025 Aug 20;16(16):3082-3095. doi: 10.1021/acschemneuro.5c00221. Epub 2025 Aug 4.
Exploring the role of the pattern recognition receptor Dectin-1 in neurological diseases emerges as an important target for understanding the biochemical and physiological dynamics of neuropathologies. From this perspective, Dectin-1, protein encoded by the CLEC7A gene, stands out for its important role in antifungal immunity; however, the receptor also proves crucial in enabling the immune response of the central nervous system (CNS). This review highlights how Dectin-1 interacts with microglial cells, as well as the implications of these interactions in inflammatory, neurodegenerative, and psychiatric processes. In this regard, the narrative also revisits relevant discussions on the signaling pathways associated with Dectin-1, including the activation of tyrosine-protein kinase (Syk) and the production of inflammatory cytokines. It is noteworthy that altered expression of Dectin-1 has been observed in various conditions such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease, thereby contributing to neuroinflammatory processes. However, in contrast to this, in depressive disorders, the receptor has shown the ability to modulate the inflammatory response, triggering antidepressant effects. Therefore, understanding the pluralistic role of Dectin-1 in the CNS may offer new scientific perspectives that will enable the development of more targeted therapies for neuroinflammatory and neurodegenerative diseases in different pathological contexts.
探索模式识别受体Dectin-1在神经疾病中的作用已成为理解神经病理学的生化和生理动态的一个重要靶点。从这个角度来看，由CLEC7A基因编码的蛋白质Dectin-1因其在抗真菌免疫中的重要作用而备受关注；然而，该受体在中枢神经系统（CNS）的免疫反应中也起着关键作用。本综述重点介绍了Dectin-1如何与小胶质细胞相互作用，以及这些相互作用在炎症、神经退行性和精神疾病过程中的意义。在这方面，本文还回顾了与Dectin-1相关的信号通路的相关讨论，包括酪氨酸蛋白激酶（Syk）的激活和炎性细胞因子的产生。值得注意的是，在阿尔茨海默病和帕金森病等各种情况下都观察到了Dectin-1表达的改变，从而导致神经炎症过程。然而，与此相反，在抑郁症中，该受体已显示出调节炎症反应的能力，触发抗抑郁作用。因此，了解Dectin-1在中枢神经系统中的多元作用可能会提供新的科学视角，从而能够为不同病理背景下的神经炎症和神经退行性疾病开发更具针对性的治疗方法。
